Legends of the conquest of Spain, Loves of Abdalasis and Exilona., sentence 10
She was lofty in her demeanour, and the others always paid her reverence; yet sorrow had given a softness to her charms, and rendered her beauty touching to the heart.
Who acts: Lusitania, others, beauty · What happens: be, pay, give, render, touch, reverence · To what, where: demeanour, reverence, sorrow, beauty
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Loves of Abdalasis and Exilona.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lusitania, others, beauty), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | She | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 lofty | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 lofty | cop |
| 3 | lofty | lofty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 demeanour | case |
| 5 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 demeanour | nmod:poss |
| 6 | demeanour | demeanour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 lofty | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 paid | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 paid | cc |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 others | det |
| 10 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 paid | nsubj |
| 11 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 12 paid | advmod |
| 12 | paid | pay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 lofty | conj |
| 13 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 reverence | nmod:poss |
| 14 | reverence | reverence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 paid | obj |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 given | punct |
| 16 | yet | yet | CCONJ | _ | 19 given | cc |
| 17 | sorrow | sorrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 given | nsubj:pass |
| 18 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 given | aux |
| 19 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 lofty | advcl |
| 20 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 softness | det |
| 21 | softness | softness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 given | obj |
| 22 | to | to | ADP | _ | 24 charms | case |
| 23 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 24 charms | nmod:poss |
| 24 | charms | charm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 softness | nmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 rendered | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 rendered | cc |
| 27 | rendered | render | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 lofty | conj |
| 28 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 beauty | nmod:poss |
| 29 | beauty | beauty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 rendered | obj |
| 30 | touching | touch | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 29 beauty | acl |
| 31 | to | to | ADP | _ | 33 heart | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 heart | det |
| 33 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 touching | obl |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 lofty | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | Lusitania | Lusitania's demeanour | lofty property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | pay | past | the others | Lusitania's reverence | always property | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent reverence=Asset | |||
| 3 | give | past · perfect · passive | sorrow | a softness obj | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient softness=Theme | ||||
| 4 | render | past | Lusitania not said here | Lusitania's beauty | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beauty=Theme | ||||
| 5 | touch | gerund | Lusitania's beauty not said here | to the heart | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | reverence | Lusitania | nom reverence «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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