Legends of the conquest of Spain, Legend of Count Julian and His Family., sentence 172
Some assert that the cruel Alahor pursued him to his retreat among the mountains, and, having taken him prisoner, beheaded him; others that the Moors confined him in a dungeon, and put an end to his life with lingering torments; while others affirm that the tower of the castle of Marcuello, near Huesca, in Arragon, in which he took refuge, fell on him and crushed him to pieces.
Who acts: Some, cruel Alahor, others, God · What happens: assert, pursue, take, behead, confine, put · To what, where: God, retreat, dungeon, end, Huesca, refuge
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Legend of Count Julian and His Family.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Some, cruel Alahor, others, God), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 2 assert | nsubj |
| 2 | assert | assert | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 7 pursued | mark |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 Alahor | det |
| 5 | cruel | cruel | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 Alahor | amod |
| 6 | Alahor | Alahor | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 pursued | nsubj |
| 7 | pursued | pursue | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 assert | advcl |
| 8 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 pursued | obj |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 retreat | case |
| 10 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 retreat | nmod:poss |
| 11 | retreat | retreat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 pursued | obl |
| 12 | among | among | ADP | _ | 14 mountains | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 mountains | det |
| 14 | mountains | mountain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 pursued | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 taken | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 taken | cc |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 having | punct |
| 18 | having | have | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 19 taken | aux |
| 19 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 assert | conj |
| 20 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 taken | obj |
| 21 | prisoner | prisoner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 taken | xcomp |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 beheaded | punct |
| 23 | beheaded | behead | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 assert | conj |
| 24 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 beheaded | obj |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 30 confined | punct |
| 26 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 confined | nsubj |
| 27 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 30 confined | mark |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 Moors | det |
| 29 | Moors | Moor | PROPN | Number=Plur | 30 confined | nsubj |
| 30 | confined | confine | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 assert | conj |
| 31 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 confined | obj |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 34 dungeon | case |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 dungeon | det |
| 34 | dungeon | dungeon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 confined | obl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 put | punct |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 put | cc |
| 37 | put | put | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 assert | conj |
| 38 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 end | det |
| 39 | end | end | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 put | obj |
| 40 | to | to | ADP | _ | 42 life | case |
| 41 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 42 life | nmod:poss |
| 42 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 put | obl |
| 43 | with | with | ADP | _ | 45 torments | case |
| 44 | lingering | lingering | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 torments | compound |
| 45 | torments | torment | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 put | obl |
| 46 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 49 affirm | punct |
| 47 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 49 affirm | mark |
| 48 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 49 affirm | nsubj |
| 49 | affirm | affirm | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 assert | parataxis |
| 50 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 60 Huesca | mark |
| 51 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 52 tower | det |
| 52 | tower | tower | NOUN | Number=Sing | 60 Huesca | nsubj |
| 53 | of | of | ADP | _ | 55 castle | case |
| 54 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 55 castle | det |
| 55 | castle | castle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 52 tower | nmod |
| 56 | of | of | ADP | _ | 57 Marcuello | case |
| 57 | Marcuello | Marcuello | PROPN | Number=Sing | 55 castle | nmod |
| 58 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 60 Huesca | punct |
| 59 | near | near | ADP | _ | 60 Huesca | case |
| 60 | Huesca | Huesca | PROPN | Number=Sing | 49 affirm | obl |
| 61 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 63 Arragon | punct |
| 62 | in | in | ADP | _ | 63 Arragon | case |
| 63 | Arragon | Arragon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 60 Huesca | conj |
| 64 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 68 took | punct |
| 65 | in | in | ADP | _ | 66 which | case |
| 66 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 68 took | obl |
| 67 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 68 took | nsubj |
| 68 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 49 affirm | parataxis |
| 69 | refuge | refuge | NOUN | Number=Sing | 68 took | obj |
| 70 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 71 fell | punct |
| 71 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 68 took | conj |
| 72 | on | on | ADP | _ | 73 him | case |
| 73 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 71 fell | obl |
| 74 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 75 crushed | cc |
| 75 | crushed | crush | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 71 fell | conj |
| 76 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 75 crushed | obj |
| 77 | to | to | ADP | _ | 78 pieces | case |
| 78 | pieces | piece | NOUN | Number=Plur | 75 crushed | obl |
| 79 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 assert | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | assert | present | Some | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | pursue | past | the cruel Alahor | God | God's retreat | among the mountains | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent he=Theme to retreat=Trajectory | ||
| 3 | take | gerund · perfect | Some not said here | God | prisoner xcomp | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument he=Destination | |||
| 4 | behead | past | Some not said here | God | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient | ||||
| 5 | confine | past | others | God | a dungeon | the Moors nsubj | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme in dungeon=Destination | ||
| 6 | put | infinitive | Some not said here | a end | to God's life; with lingering torments | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent end=Goal | |||
| 7 | affirm | present | others | Huesca the tower of the castle of Marcuello and Arragon | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 8 | take | past | God | refuge | which obl | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent refuge=Value in which=Location | |||
| 9 | fall | past | God not said here | on God | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme on he=Location | ||||
| 10 | crush | past | God not said here | God | to pieces result | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Agent he=Patient to piece=Result |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/39/172/