Legends of the conquest of Spain, Of the Loves of Roderick and the Princess Elyata., sentence 5
Among the few fortified places that had not been dismantled by Don Roderick was the ancient city of Denia, situated on the Mediterranean coast, and defended on a rock-built castle that overlooked the sea.
Who acts: Don, built castle · What happens: fortify, not dismantle, be, situate, defend, build · To what, where: few fortified places, ancient city, Mediterranean coast, built castle, sea
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Of the Loves of Roderick and the Princess Elyata.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Don, built castle), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Among | among | ADP | _ | 5 places | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 places | det |
| 3 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 places | amod |
| 4 | fortified | fortify | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 places | amod |
| 5 | places | place | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 city | obl |
| 6 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 10 dismantled | obj |
| 7 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 dismantled | aux |
| 8 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 10 dismantled | advmod |
| 9 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 10 dismantled | aux:pass |
| 10 | dismantled | dismantle | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 places | acl:relcl |
| 11 | by | by | ADP | _ | 12 Don | case |
| 12 | Don | Don | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 dismantled | obl:agent |
| 13 | Roderick | Roderick | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 Don | flat |
| 14 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 city | cop |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 city | det |
| 16 | ancient | ancient | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 city | amod |
| 17 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 Denia | case |
| 19 | Denia | Denia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 city | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 situated | punct |
| 21 | situated | situate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 city | acl |
| 22 | on | on | ADP | _ | 25 coast | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 coast | det |
| 24 | Mediterranean | Mediterranean | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 coast | compound |
| 25 | coast | coast | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 situated | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 defended | punct |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 defended | cc |
| 28 | defended | defend | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 city | parataxis |
| 29 | on | on | ADP | _ | 34 castle | case |
| 30 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 castle | det |
| 31 | rock | rock | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 built | compound |
| 32 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 31 rock | punct |
| 33 | built | build | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 34 castle | amod |
| 34 | castle | castle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 defended | obl |
| 35 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 36 overlooked | nsubj |
| 36 | overlooked | overlook | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 castle | acl:relcl |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 sea | det |
| 38 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 overlooked | obj |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 17 city | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fortify | participle | vn equip-13.4.2-1-1 «NP.theme V NP»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | not dismantle | past · perfect · passive | Don | the few fortified places | vn disassemble-23.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent that=Patient | ||||
| 3 | is a | past | the ancient city | among the few fortified places; of Denia | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | situate | participle | the ancient city not said here | the Mediterranean coast | vn put-9.1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on coast=Destination | ||||
| 5 | defend | participle | a built castle | vn defend-72.3 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | build | participle | rock compound | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | |||||
| 7 | overlook | past | a built castle | the sea | vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sea=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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