Legends of the conquest of Spain, The Story of Florinda., sentence 48
So saying, the maiden dropped her eyes to the ground, and continued kneeling; but her countenance had become deadly pale, and as she knelt she trembled.
Who acts: maiden, countenance · What happens: say, drop, continue, kneel, become, tremble · To what, where: eyes, ground · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, The Story of Florinda.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (maiden, countenance), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 2 saying | advmod |
| 2 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 dropped | advcl |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 saying | punct |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 maiden | det |
| 5 | maiden | maiden | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 dropped | nsubj |
| 6 | dropped | drop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 eyes | nmod:poss |
| 8 | eyes | eye | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 dropped | obj |
| 9 | to | to | ADP | _ | 11 ground | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 ground | det |
| 11 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 dropped | obl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 continued | punct |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 continued | cc |
| 14 | continued | continue | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 dropped | parataxis |
| 15 | kneeling | kneel | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 14 continued | xcomp |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 become | punct |
| 17 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 21 become | cc |
| 18 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 countenance | nmod:poss |
| 19 | countenance | countenance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 become | nsubj |
| 20 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 become | aux |
| 21 | become | become | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 6 dropped | conj |
| 22 | deadly | deadly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 pale | amod |
| 23 | pale | pale | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 become | xcomp |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 knelt | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 knelt | cc |
| 26 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 28 knelt | mark |
| 27 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 knelt | nsubj |
| 28 | knelt | kneel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 dropped | parataxis |
| 29 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 trembled | nsubj |
| 30 | trembled | tremble | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 knelt | conj |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 dropped | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | gerund | the maiden not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | drop | past | the maiden | parent's eyes | the ground | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent eye=Theme to ground=Destination | |||
| 3 | continue | past | vn continue-55.3 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | ||||||
| 4 | kneel | gerund | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | become | past · perfect | parent's countenance | pale property | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 6 | kneel | past | countenance | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 7 | tremble | past | countenance | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/6/48/