Legends of the conquest of Spain, The Story of Florinda., sentence 72
In very truth, however, she appears to have been a guiltless victim, resisting, as far as helpless female could resist, the arts and intrigues of a powerful monarch, who had nought to check the indulgence of his will, and bewailing her disgrace with a poignancy that shows how dearly she had prized her honour.
Who acts: name, helpless female, powerful monarch, nought, poignancy · What happens: appear, be, resist, have, check, bewail · To what, where: truth, guiltless victim, arts, nought, indulgence, disgrace · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, The Story of Florinda.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (name, helpless female, powerful monarch, nought), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 truth | case |
| 2 | very | very | ADV | _ | 3 truth | advmod |
| 3 | truth | truth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 appears | obl |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 truth | punct |
| 5 | however | however | ADV | _ | 8 appears | advmod |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 however | punct |
| 7 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 appears | nsubj |
| 8 | appears | appear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | to | to | PART | _ | 14 victim | mark |
| 10 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 14 victim | aux |
| 11 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 14 victim | cop |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 victim | det |
| 13 | guiltless | guiltless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 victim | amod |
| 14 | victim | victim | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 appears | advcl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 resisting | punct |
| 16 | resisting | resist | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 appears | advcl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 far | punct |
| 18 | as | as | ADV | _ | 19 far | advmod |
| 19 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 16 resisting | advmod |
| 20 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 24 resist | mark |
| 21 | helpless | helpless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 female | amod |
| 22 | female | female | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 resist | nsubj |
| 23 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 24 resist | aux |
| 24 | resist | resist | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 far | advcl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 arts | punct |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 arts | det |
| 27 | arts | art | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 resisting | obl |
| 28 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 intrigues | cc |
| 29 | intrigues | intrigue | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 arts | conj |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 monarch | case |
| 31 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 33 monarch | det |
| 32 | powerful | powerful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 monarch | amod |
| 33 | monarch | monarch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 arts | nmod |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 had | punct |
| 35 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 36 had | nsubj |
| 36 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 monarch | acl:relcl |
| 37 | nought | nought | PRON | PronType=Neg | 36 had | obj |
| 38 | to | to | PART | _ | 39 check | mark |
| 39 | check | check | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 36 had | xcomp |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 indulgence | det |
| 41 | indulgence | indulgence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 check | obj |
| 42 | of | of | ADP | _ | 44 will | case |
| 43 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 44 will | nmod:poss |
| 44 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 41 indulgence | acl:relcl |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 bewailing | punct |
| 46 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 47 bewailing | cc |
| 47 | bewailing | bewail | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 resisting | conj |
| 48 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 49 disgrace | nmod:poss |
| 49 | disgrace | disgrace | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 bewailing | obj |
| 50 | with | with | ADP | _ | 52 poignancy | case |
| 51 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 52 poignancy | det |
| 52 | poignancy | poignancy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 bewailing | obl |
| 53 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 54 shows | nsubj |
| 54 | shows | show | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 52 poignancy | acl:relcl |
| 55 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 56 dearly | advmod |
| 56 | dearly | dearly | ADV | _ | 59 prized | advmod |
| 57 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 59 prized | nsubj:pass |
| 58 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 59 prized | aux |
| 59 | prized | prize | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 54 shows | ccomp |
| 60 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 61 honour | nmod:poss |
| 61 | honour | honour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 59 prized | obj |
| 62 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 appears | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | appear | present | name | truth | however property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in truth=Location | |||
| 2 | is a | to-infinitive · perfect | name not said here | a guiltless victim | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | resist | gerund | name not said here | the arts of a powerful monarch and intrigues | far property | tree rules | |||
| 4 | resist | could | helpless female | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | have | past | a powerful monarch | nought | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | check | to-infinitive | nought not said here | the indulgence | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent indulgence=Theme | ||||
| 7 | bewail | gerund | name not said here | name's disgrace | with a poignancy | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer disgrace=Stimulus | |||
| 8 | show | present | a poignancy | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 9 | prize | past · perfect · passive | name | name's honour obj; dearly property | tree rules | ||||
| 10 | disgrace | name | nom disgrace «state transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 11 | honour | name | nom honour «state transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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