Legends of the conquest of Spain, Story of the Marvellous and Portentous Tower., sentence 29
In vain, however, did one after another exert his strength; and equally in vain did the cavaliers unite their forces, and apply their shoulders to the gate: though there was neither bar nor bolt remaining, it was perfectly immoveable.
Who acts: cavaliers, strength · What happens: do, exert, unite, apply, be, bolt · To what, where: one, vain, strength, forces, shoulders, bar
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Story of the Marvellous and Portentous Tower.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cavaliers, strength), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 vain | case |
| 2 | vain | vain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 did | obl |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 vain | punct |
| 4 | however | however | ADV | _ | 6 did | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 however | punct |
| 6 | did | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 6 did | obj |
| 8 | after | after | SCONJ | _ | 10 exert | mark |
| 9 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 10 exert | advmod |
| 10 | exert | exert | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 7 one | acl:relcl |
| 11 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 strength | nmod:poss |
| 12 | strength | strength | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 exert | obj |
| 13 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 17 vain | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 vain | cc |
| 15 | equally | equally | ADV | _ | 17 vain | advmod |
| 16 | in | in | ADP | _ | 17 vain | case |
| 17 | vain | vain | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 did | conj |
| 18 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 21 unite | aux |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 cavaliers | det |
| 20 | cavaliers | cavalier | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 unite | nsubj |
| 21 | unite | unite | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 vain | ccomp |
| 22 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 forces | nmod:poss |
| 23 | forces | force | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 unite | obj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 apply | punct |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 apply | cc |
| 26 | apply | apply | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 unite | conj |
| 27 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 shoulders | nmod:poss |
| 28 | shoulders | shoulder | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 apply | obj |
| 29 | to | to | ADP | _ | 31 gate | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 gate | det |
| 31 | gate | gate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 apply | obl |
| 32 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 37 bar | punct |
| 33 | though | though | SCONJ | _ | 35 was | mark |
| 34 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 35 was | expl |
| 35 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 bar | cop |
| 36 | neither | neither | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 37 bar | cc:preconj |
| 37 | bar | bar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 did | parataxis |
| 38 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 39 bolt | cc |
| 39 | bolt | bolt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 37 bar | conj |
| 40 | remaining | remain | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 39 bolt | xcomp |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 immoveable | punct |
| 42 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 45 immoveable | nsubj |
| 43 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 45 immoveable | cop |
| 44 | perfectly | perfectly | ADV | _ | 45 immoveable | advmod |
| 45 | immoveable | immoveable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 bar | conj |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 did | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | do | past | one | vain | however property | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Eventuality | |||
| 2 | exert | infinitive | King's strength | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent strength=Theme | |||||
| 3 | unite | past · do-support | the cavaliers | cavaliers's forces | vn amalgamate-22.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent force=Patient | ||||
| 4 | apply | infinitive | the cavaliers not said here | cavaliers's shoulders | to the gate | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shoulder=Theme | |||
| 5 | is a | past | bar | tree rules | |||||
| 6 | bolt | present | tree rules | ||||||
| 7 | remain | gerund | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 8 | is | past | strength | immoveable, perfectly property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/8/29/