Legends of the conquest of Spain, Story of the Marvellous and Portentous Tower., sentence 3
Of this renowned edifice marvels are related by the ancient Arabian and Spanish chroniclers; “and I doubt much,” adds the venerable Agpaida, “whether many readers will not consider the whole as a cunningly devised fable, sprung from an oriental imagination; but it is not for me to reject a fact which is recorded by all those writers who are the fathers of our national history: a fact, too, which is as well attested as most of the remarkable events in the story of Don Roderick.
Who acts: ancient Arabian chroniclers, venerable Agpaida, many readers, Agpaida, writers, most · What happens: relate, doubt, add, not consider, devise, spring · To what, where: whole, cunningly devised fable, oriental imagination, fact, fathers · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Story of the Marvellous and Portentous Tower.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ancient Arabian chroniclers, venerable Agpaida, many readers, Agpaida), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Of | of | ADP | _ | 5 marvels | case |
| 2 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 5 marvels | nsubj |
| 3 | renowned | renowned | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 marvels | amod |
| 4 | edifice | edifice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 marvels | compound |
| 5 | marvels | marvel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 related | obl |
| 6 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 related | aux:pass |
| 7 | related | relate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | by | by | ADP | _ | 14 chroniclers | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 chroniclers | det |
| 10 | ancient | ancient | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 chroniclers | amod |
| 11 | Arabian | Arabian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 chroniclers | amod |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 Spanish | cc |
| 13 | Spanish | Spanish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 Arabian | conj |
| 14 | chroniclers | chronicler | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 related | obl |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 doubt | punct |
| 16 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 doubt | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 doubt | cc |
| 18 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 19 doubt | nsubj |
| 19 | doubt | doubt | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 23 adds | csubj |
| 20 | much | much | ADV | _ | 19 doubt | advmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 doubt | punct |
| 22 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 doubt | punct |
| 23 | adds | add | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 related | conj |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 Agpaida | det |
| 25 | venerable | venerable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 Agpaida | amod |
| 26 | Agpaida | Agpaida | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 adds | obj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 “ | punct |
| 28 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 23 adds | punct |
| 29 | whether | whether | SCONJ | _ | 34 consider | mark |
| 30 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 readers | amod |
| 31 | readers | reader | NOUN | Number=Plur | 34 consider | nsubj |
| 32 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 34 consider | aux |
| 33 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 34 consider | advmod |
| 34 | consider | consider | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 “ | advcl |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 whole | det |
| 36 | whole | whole | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 consider | obj |
| 37 | as | as | ADP | _ | 41 fable | case |
| 38 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 41 fable | det |
| 39 | cunningly | cunningly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 fable | amod |
| 40 | devised | devise | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 41 fable | amod |
| 41 | fable | fable | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 consider | obl |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 sprung | punct |
| 43 | sprung | spring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 41 fable | acl |
| 44 | from | from | ADP | _ | 47 imagination | case |
| 45 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 47 imagination | det |
| 46 | oriental | oriental | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 47 imagination | amod |
| 47 | imagination | imagination | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 sprung | obl |
| 48 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 54 me | punct |
| 49 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 54 me | cc |
| 50 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 54 me | nsubj |
| 51 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 54 me | cop |
| 52 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 54 me | advmod |
| 53 | for | for | ADP | _ | 54 me | case |
| 54 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 7 related | obl |
| 55 | to | to | PART | _ | 56 reject | mark |
| 56 | reject | reject | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 54 me | advcl |
| 57 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 58 fact | det |
| 58 | fact | fact | NOUN | Number=Sing | 56 reject | obj |
| 59 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 61 recorded | nsubj:pass |
| 60 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 61 recorded | aux:pass |
| 61 | recorded | record | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 58 fact | acl |
| 62 | by | by | ADP | _ | 65 writers | case |
| 63 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 65 writers | det:predet |
| 64 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 65 writers | det |
| 65 | writers | writer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 61 recorded | obl:agent |
| 66 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 69 fathers | nsubj |
| 67 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 69 fathers | cop |
| 68 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 69 fathers | det |
| 69 | fathers | father | NOUN | Number=Plur | 65 writers | nmod |
| 70 | of | of | ADP | _ | 73 history | case |
| 71 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 73 history | nmod:poss |
| 72 | national | national | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 73 history | amod |
| 73 | history | history | NOUN | Number=Sing | 69 fathers | nmod |
| 74 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 76 fact | punct |
| 75 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 76 fact | det |
| 76 | fact | fact | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 fact | conj |
| 77 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 78 too | punct |
| 78 | too | too | ADV | _ | 76 fact | advmod |
| 79 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 84 attested | punct |
| 80 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 84 attested | nsubj:pass |
| 81 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 84 attested | aux |
| 82 | as | as | ADV | _ | 84 attested | advmod |
| 83 | well | well | ADV | Degree=Pos | 84 attested | advmod |
| 84 | attested | attest | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 76 fact | acl |
| 85 | as | as | ADP | _ | 86 most | case |
| 86 | most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 84 attested | obl:agent |
| 87 | of | of | ADP | _ | 90 events | case |
| 88 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 90 events | det |
| 89 | remarkable | remarkable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 90 events | amod |
| 90 | events | event | NOUN | Number=Plur | 86 most | nmod |
| 91 | in | in | ADP | _ | 93 story | case |
| 92 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 93 story | det |
| 93 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 90 events | nmod |
| 94 | of | of | ADP | _ | 95 Don | case |
| 95 | Don | Don | PROPN | Number=Sing | 93 story | nmod |
| 96 | Roderick | Roderick | PROPN | Number=Sing | 95 Don | flat |
| 97 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 related | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | relate | present · passive | the ancient Arabian chroniclers | of renowned edifice marvels this | vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 2 | doubt in a quote | present | the venerable Agpaida = agpaida | vn judgment-33.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | add speech: assert | present | the venerable Agpaida | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | not consider in a quote | future | many readers | the whole | as a cunningly devised fable | vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent whole=Attribute | |||
| 5 | devise in a quote | participle | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 6 | spring in a quote | participle | a cunningly devised fable not said here | a oriental imagination | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from imagination=Trajectory | ||||
| 7 | not is in a quote | present | Agpaida | for the venerable Agpaida = agpaida | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | reject in a quote | to-infinitive | Agpaida not said here | a fact and a fact | vn reject-77.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fact=Theme | ||||
| 9 | record in a quote | present · passive | all writers | a fact and a fact | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | ||||
| 10 | is a in a quote | present | all writers | the fathers | of our national history | tree rules | |||
| 11 | attest in a quote | present · passive | most of the remarkable events in the story of Don | a fact | well property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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