Legends of the conquest of Spain, Story of the Marvellous and Portentous Tower., sentence 80
The king, therefore, issued forth with his cavaliers and took the road to the tower, followed by a great multitude, for he was anxious once more to close the iron door, and shut up those evils that threatened to overwhelm the land.
Who acts: King, evils · What happens: issue, take, follow, be, close, shut up · To what, where: king, road, tower, iron door, evils, land
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Story of the Marvellous and Portentous Tower.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (King, evils), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 king | det |
| 2 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 issued | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 king | punct |
| 4 | therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 6 issued | advmod |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 therefore | punct |
| 6 | issued | issue | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | forth | forth | ADV | _ | 6 issued | advmod |
| 8 | with | with | ADP | _ | 10 cavaliers | case |
| 9 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 cavaliers | nmod:poss |
| 10 | cavaliers | cavalier | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 issued | obl |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 took | cc |
| 12 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 issued | conj |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 road | det |
| 14 | road | road | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 took | obj |
| 15 | to | to | ADP | _ | 17 tower | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 tower | det |
| 17 | tower | tower | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 took | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 followed | punct |
| 19 | followed | follow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 tower | acl |
| 20 | by | by | ADP | _ | 23 multitude | case |
| 21 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 23 multitude | det |
| 22 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 multitude | amod |
| 23 | multitude | multitude | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 followed | obl |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 anxious | punct |
| 25 | for | for | ADP | _ | 28 anxious | case |
| 26 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 anxious | nsubj |
| 27 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 anxious | cop |
| 28 | anxious | anxious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 took | parataxis |
| 29 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 30 more | advmod |
| 30 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 12 took | advmod |
| 31 | to | to | PART | _ | 32 close | mark |
| 32 | close | close | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 12 took | advcl |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 door | det |
| 34 | iron | iron | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 door | amod |
| 35 | door | door | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 close | obj |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 shut | punct |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 shut | cc |
| 38 | shut | shut | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 issued | conj |
| 39 | up | up | ADP | _ | 38 shut | compound:prt |
| 40 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 41 evils | det |
| 41 | evils | evil | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 shut | obj |
| 42 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 43 threatened | nsubj |
| 43 | threatened | threaten | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 41 evils | acl:relcl |
| 44 | to | to | PART | _ | 45 overwhelm | mark |
| 45 | overwhelm | overwhelm | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 43 threatened | xcomp |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 land | det |
| 47 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 overwhelm | obj |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 issued | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | issue | participle · passive | the king | with King's cavaliers; forth, therefore property | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP-Fulfilling PP.theme»: subject=Recipient with cavalier=Theme | ||||
| 2 | take | past | the road | the tower | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent road=Theme to tower=Destination | ||||
| 3 | follow | participle | the tower not said here | by a great multitude | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme by multitude=Location | ||||
| 4 | is | past | King | anxious property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | close | to-infinitive | the iron door | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent door=Patient | |||||
| 6 | shut up | participle | that evils | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent evil=Patient | |||||
| 7 | threaten | past | that evils | tree rules | |||||
| 8 | overwhelm not said to happen | to-infinitive | that evils not said here | the land | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus land=Experiencer |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/8/80/