Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter VIII., sentence 37
The count magnified the dangers that threatened the frontier under his command, and prevailed upon the king to send thither the best horses and arms remaining from the time of Witiza, there being no need of them in the centre of Spain in its present tranquil state.
Who acts: count, dangers, best horses, treason · What happens: magnify, threaten, prevail, send, remain, be · To what, where: dangers, frontier, command, best horses, need, centre · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter VIII.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (count, dangers, best horses, treason), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 count | det |
| 2 | count | count | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 magnified | nsubj |
| 3 | magnified | magnify | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 dangers | det |
| 5 | dangers | danger | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 magnified | obj |
| 6 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 threatened | nsubj |
| 7 | threatened | threaten | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 dangers | acl:relcl |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 frontier | det |
| 9 | frontier | frontier | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 threatened | obj |
| 10 | under | under | ADP | _ | 12 command | case |
| 11 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 command | nmod:poss |
| 12 | command | command | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 threatened | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 prevailed | punct |
| 14 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 15 prevailed | cc |
| 15 | prevailed | prevail | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 magnified | conj |
| 16 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 18 king | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 king | det |
| 18 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 prevailed | obl |
| 19 | to | to | PART | _ | 20 send | mark |
| 20 | send | send | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 prevailed | advcl |
| 21 | thither | thither | ADV | _ | 20 send | advmod |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 horses | det |
| 23 | best | good | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 24 horses | amod |
| 24 | horses | horse | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 send | obj |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 arms | cc |
| 26 | arms | arm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 horses | conj |
| 27 | remaining | remain | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 24 horses | acl |
| 28 | from | from | ADP | _ | 30 time | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 time | det |
| 30 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 remaining | obl |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 32 Witiza | case |
| 32 | Witiza | Witiza | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 time | nmod |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 magnified | punct |
| 34 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 37 need | expl |
| 35 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 37 need | cop |
| 36 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 37 need | det |
| 37 | need | need | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 magnified | advcl |
| 38 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 them | case |
| 39 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 need | nmod |
| 40 | in | in | ADP | _ | 42 centre | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 centre | det |
| 42 | centre | centre | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 need | nmod |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 44 Spain | case |
| 44 | Spain | Spain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 42 centre | nmod |
| 45 | in | in | ADP | _ | 49 state | case |
| 46 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 49 state | nmod:poss |
| 47 | present | present | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 49 state | amod |
| 48 | tranquil | tranquil | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 49 state | amod |
| 49 | state | state | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 centre | nmod |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 magnified | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | magnify | past | the count | the dangers | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent danger=Patient | ||||
| 2 | threaten | past | the dangers | the frontier | treason's command | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus frontier=Experiencer | |||
| 3 | prevail | past | the count not said here | upon the king | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme upon king=Location | ||||
| 4 | send | to-infinitive | the count not said here | the best horses and arms | thither property | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent horse=Theme | |||
| 5 | remain | gerund | the best horses and arms not said here | time | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 6 | is a | gerund | the count not said here | no need | the centre of Spain in count's present tranquil state; there | of arms = arm | tree rules | ||
| 7 | command | treason | nom command «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/9/37/