Legends of the conquest of Spain, Chapter VIII., sentence 9
The ambition of this veteran was to make the Moslem conquest complete, by expelling the Christians from the African shores; with this view his troops menaced the few remaining Gothic fortresses of Tingitania, while he himself sat down in person before the walls of Ceuta.
Who acts: ambition, troops, Almagreb, veteran · What happens: be, expel, menace, remain, sit down, ambition · To what, where: Christians, African shores, few remaining Gothic fortresses
This is a sentence of «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Chapter VIII.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ambition, troops, Almagreb, veteran), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 ambition | det |
| 2 | ambition | ambition | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 make | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 veteran | case |
| 4 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 5 veteran | det |
| 5 | veteran | veteran | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 ambition | nmod |
| 6 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 make | cop |
| 7 | to | to | PART | _ | 8 make | mark |
| 8 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 conquest | det |
| 10 | Moslem | Moslem | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 conquest | amod |
| 11 | conquest | conquest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 make | obj |
| 12 | complete | complete | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 make | xcomp |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 expelling | punct |
| 14 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 15 expelling | mark |
| 15 | expelling | expel | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 make | advcl |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 Christians | det |
| 17 | Christians | Christian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 15 expelling | obj |
| 18 | from | from | ADP | _ | 21 shores | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 shores | det |
| 20 | African | African | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 shores | amod |
| 21 | shores | shore | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 expelling | obl |
| 22 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 28 menaced | punct |
| 23 | with | with | ADP | _ | 25 view | case |
| 24 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 25 view | det |
| 25 | view | view | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 menaced | obl |
| 26 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 troops | nmod:poss |
| 27 | troops | troops | NOUN | Number=Ptan | 28 menaced | nsubj |
| 28 | menaced | menace | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 make | parataxis |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 fortresses | det |
| 30 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 fortresses | amod |
| 31 | remaining | remain | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 33 fortresses | amod |
| 32 | Gothic | gothic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 33 fortresses | amod |
| 33 | fortresses | fortress | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 menaced | obj |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 Tingitania | case |
| 35 | Tingitania | Tingitania | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 fortresses | nmod |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 sat | punct |
| 37 | while | while | SCONJ | _ | 40 sat | mark |
| 38 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 sat | nsubj |
| 39 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Emp Reflex=Yes | 38 he | nmod:unmarked |
| 40 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 28 menaced | conj |
| 41 | down | down | ADP | _ | 40 sat | compound:prt |
| 42 | in | in | ADP | _ | 43 person | case |
| 43 | person | person | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 sat | obl |
| 44 | before | before | ADP | _ | 46 walls | case |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 walls | det |
| 46 | walls | wall | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 sat | obl |
| 47 | of | of | ADP | _ | 48 Ceuta | case |
| 48 | Ceuta | Ceuta | PROPN | Number=Sing | 46 walls | nmod |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 make | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | the ambition of this veteran | the Moslem conquest obj; complete, make property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | expel | gerund | the ambition of this veteran not said here | the Christians | the African shores | vn banish-10.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent christian=Theme from shore=Source | |||
| 3 | menace | past | Almagreb's troops | the few remaining Gothic fortresses of Tingitania | with this view | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus fortress=Experiencer | |||
| 4 | remain | gerund | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 5 | sit down | past | Almagreb | before the walls of Ceuta | in person | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in person=Location | |||
| 6 | ambition | this veteran | nom ambition «feeling intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Legends of the conquest of Spain» by Washington Irving, Project Gutenberg book 77685 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77685/9/9/