The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories, The Stone-moving Song, sentence 19
Then the Horned Toad laughed, and gave the enemy-yell (war-whoop), saying: “We do this to one another!”
Who acts: Horned Toad, We · What happens: laugh, give, say, do · To what, where: enemy yell, this, one · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories» by Charles Fletcher Lummis, The Stone-moving Song. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Horned Toad, We), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 5 laughed | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 Toad | det |
| 3 | Horned | horned | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 Toad | amod |
| 4 | Toad | Toad | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 laughed | nsubj |
| 5 | laughed | laugh | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 gave | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 8 gave | cc |
| 8 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 laughed | conj |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 yell | det |
| 10 | enemy | enemy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 yell | compound |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 enemy | punct |
| 12 | yell | yell | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 gave | obj |
| 13 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 16 whoop | punct |
| 14 | war | war | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 whoop | compound |
| 15 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 14 war | punct |
| 16 | whoop | whoop | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 yell | appos |
| 17 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 16 whoop | punct |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 saying | punct |
| 19 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 8 gave | advcl |
| 20 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 23 do | punct |
| 21 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 23 do | punct |
| 22 | We | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 23 do | nsubj |
| 23 | do | do | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 laughed | parataxis |
| 24 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 23 do | obj |
| 25 | to | to | ADP | _ | 26 one | case |
| 26 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 23 do | obl |
| 27 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 26 one | fixed |
| 28 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 5 laughed | punct |
| 29 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 laughed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | laugh | past | the Horned Toad | then | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | give | past | the Horned Toad not said here | the enemy yell | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent yell=Theme | ||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | gerund | the Horned Toad not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | do in a quote | present | We | this | one | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories» by Charles Fletcher Lummis, Project Gutenberg book 77804 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77804/13/19/