The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories, The Magic Hide-and-seek, sentence 13
The cigarette plays a really important part in many sacred ceremonies of the Pueblos; for, as I have explained, its collective smoke is thought to be what makes the rain-clouds and brings the rain; and it is also a charm against witches.
Who acts: cigarette, I, part · What happens: play, explain, think, be, bring, smoke · To what, where: important part, many sacred ceremonies, collective smoke, rain, charm
This is a sentence of «The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories» by Charles Fletcher Lummis, The Magic Hide-and-seek. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cigarette, I, part), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 cigarette | det |
| 2 | cigarette | cigarette | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 plays | nsubj |
| 3 | plays | play | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 7 part | det |
| 5 | really | really | ADV | _ | 6 important | advmod |
| 6 | important | important | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 part | amod |
| 7 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 plays | obj |
| 8 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 ceremonies | case |
| 9 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 ceremonies | amod |
| 10 | sacred | sacred | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 ceremonies | amod |
| 11 | ceremonies | ceremony | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 part | nmod |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 Pueblos | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 Pueblos | det |
| 14 | Pueblos | Pueblo | PROPN | Number=Plur | 11 ceremonies | nmod |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 21 explained | punct |
| 16 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 21 explained | mark |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 explained | punct |
| 18 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 21 explained | mark |
| 19 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 21 explained | nsubj |
| 20 | have | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 explained | aux |
| 21 | explained | explain | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 plays | parataxis |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 thought | punct |
| 23 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 smoke | nmod:poss |
| 24 | collective | collective | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 smoke | amod |
| 25 | smoke | smoke | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 thought | nsubj:pass |
| 26 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 thought | aux:pass |
| 27 | thought | think | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 21 explained | conj |
| 28 | to | to | PART | _ | 31 makes | mark |
| 29 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 31 makes | cop |
| 30 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 31 makes | nsubj |
| 31 | makes | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 thought | advcl |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 clouds | det |
| 33 | rain | rain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 clouds | compound |
| 34 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 33 rain | punct |
| 35 | clouds | cloud | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 makes | obj |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 brings | cc |
| 37 | brings | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 31 makes | conj |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 rain | det |
| 39 | rain | rain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 brings | obj |
| 40 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 46 charm | punct |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 46 charm | cc |
| 42 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 46 charm | nsubj |
| 43 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 46 charm | cop |
| 44 | also | also | ADV | _ | 46 charm | advmod |
| 45 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 46 charm | det |
| 46 | charm | charm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 plays | parataxis |
| 47 | against | against | ADP | _ | 48 witches | case |
| 48 | witches | witch | NOUN | Number=Plur | 46 charm | nmod |
| 49 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 plays | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | play | present | the cigarette | a important part | many sacred ceremonies of the Pueblos | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Theme | |||
| 2 | explain speech: assert | present · perfect | I | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | think speech: other | present · passive | part's collective smoke | vn wish-62 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 4 | is | to-infinitive | what nsubj; the rain clouds obj; make property | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | bring | present | the rain | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent rain=Theme | |||||
| 6 | is a | present | cigarette | a charm | against witches | tree rules | |||
| 7 | smoke | part | nom smoke «phenomenon intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories» by Charles Fletcher Lummis, Project Gutenberg book 77804 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77804/15/13/