The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories, Honest Big-ears, sentence 5
Most of these myths were made centuries before a white man ever saw this country; and until Europeans came, there were neither horses, donkeys, sheep, goats, cats, nor cattle (except the buffalo) in either America.
Who acts: white man, Europeans, horses · What happens: make, see, come, be · To what, where: Most myths, country
This is a sentence of «The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories» by Charles Fletcher Lummis, Honest Big-ears. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (white man, Europeans, horses), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Most | most | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 4 myths | amod |
| 2 | of | of | ADP | _ | 4 myths | case |
| 3 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 4 myths | det |
| 4 | myths | myth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 made | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 made | aux:pass |
| 6 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | centuries | century | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 made | obj |
| 8 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 13 saw | mark |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 man | det |
| 10 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 man | amod |
| 11 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 saw | nsubj |
| 12 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 13 saw | advmod |
| 13 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 made | advcl |
| 14 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 15 country | det |
| 15 | country | country | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 saw | obj |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 23 were | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 were | cc |
| 18 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 20 came | mark |
| 19 | Europeans | European | PROPN | Number=Plur | 20 came | nsubj |
| 20 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 were | advcl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 came | punct |
| 22 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 23 were | expl |
| 23 | were | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 made | parataxis |
| 24 | neither | neither | ADV | _ | 23 were | advmod |
| 25 | horses | horse | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 were | nsubj |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 donkeys | punct |
| 27 | donkeys | donkey | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 horses | conj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 sheep | punct |
| 29 | sheep | sheep | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 horses | conj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 goats | punct |
| 31 | goats | goat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 horses | conj |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 cats | punct |
| 33 | cats | cat | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 horses | conj |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 cattle | punct |
| 35 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 36 cattle | cc |
| 36 | cattle | cattle | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 horses | conj |
| 37 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 40 buffalo | punct |
| 38 | except | except | ADP | _ | 40 buffalo | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 buffalo | det |
| 40 | buffalo | buffalo | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 cattle | appos |
| 41 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 40 buffalo | punct |
| 42 | in | in | ADP | _ | 44 America | case |
| 43 | either | either | CCONJ | _ | 44 America | cc:preconj |
| 44 | America | America | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 horses | nmod |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 made | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | make | past · passive | this Most myths | century | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | ||||
| 2 | see | past | a white man | this country | ever | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer country=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | come | past | Europeans | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 4 | be | past | horses in America and donkeys and sheep and goats and cats nor cattle | there | neither property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories» by Charles Fletcher Lummis, Project Gutenberg book 77804 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77804/17/5/