The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories, The Accursed Lake, sentence 97
But as the boy was wondering what he should do, the tiny fish changed itself into a great Fish-Animal with a very hard, strong skin,[70] and bidding the boy mount upon its back, it went plowing through the forest, breaking down big trees like stubble, and bringing him through to the other side without a scratch.
Who acts: boy, tiny fish, fish · What happens: wonder, do, change, bid, go, plow · To what, where: fish, boy mount, forest, big trees, boy, other side · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories» by Charles Fletcher Lummis, The Accursed Lake. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy, tiny fish, fish), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 15 changed | cc |
| 2 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 6 wondering | mark |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 boy | det |
| 4 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 wondering | nsubj |
| 5 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 wondering | aux |
| 6 | wondering | wonder | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 15 changed | advcl |
| 7 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 10 do | obj |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 do | nsubj |
| 9 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 10 do | aux |
| 10 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 wondering | ccomp |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 wondering | punct |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 fish | det |
| 13 | tiny | tiny | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 fish | amod |
| 14 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 changed | nsubj |
| 15 | changed | change | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 16 | itself | itself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 15 changed | obj |
| 17 | into | into | ADP | _ | 22 Animal | case |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 Animal | det |
| 19 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 Animal | amod |
| 20 | Fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 Animal | compound |
| 21 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 20 Fish | punct |
| 22 | Animal | animal | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 changed | obl |
| 23 | with | with | ADP | _ | 29 skin | case |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 29 skin | det |
| 25 | very | very | ADV | _ | 26 hard | advmod |
| 26 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 skin | amod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 hard | punct |
| 28 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 skin | amod |
| 29 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 Animal | nmod |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 70 | punct |
| 31 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 32 70 | punct |
| 32 | 70 | 70 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 15 changed | obl |
| 33 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 32 70 | punct |
| 34 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 35 bidding | cc |
| 35 | bidding | bid | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 15 changed | conj |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 mount | det |
| 37 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 mount | compound |
| 38 | mount | mount | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 bidding | obj |
| 39 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 41 back | case |
| 40 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 41 back | nmod:poss |
| 41 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 bidding | obl |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 went | punct |
| 43 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 44 went | nsubj |
| 44 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 changed | conj |
| 45 | plowing | plow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 44 went | xcomp |
| 46 | through | through | ADP | _ | 48 forest | case |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 forest | det |
| 48 | forest | forest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 plowing | obl |
| 49 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 50 breaking | punct |
| 50 | breaking | break | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 45 plowing | conj |
| 51 | down | down | ADV | _ | 50 breaking | advmod |
| 52 | big | big | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 53 trees | amod |
| 53 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 50 breaking | obj |
| 54 | like | like | ADP | _ | 55 stubble | case |
| 55 | stubble | stubble | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 breaking | obl |
| 56 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 58 bringing | punct |
| 57 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 58 bringing | cc |
| 58 | bringing | bring | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 15 changed | advcl |
| 59 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 58 bringing | obj |
| 60 | through | through | ADV | _ | 58 bringing | advmod |
| 61 | to | to | ADP | _ | 64 side | case |
| 62 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 64 side | det |
| 63 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 64 side | amod |
| 64 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 bringing | obl |
| 65 | without | without | ADP | _ | 67 scratch | case |
| 66 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 67 scratch | det |
| 67 | scratch | scratch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 bringing | obl |
| 68 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 15 changed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | wonder speech: ask | past · progressive | the boy | vn care-88.1-1 «NP V what S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | do | should | boy | what obj | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality | ||||
| 3 | change | past | the tiny fish | fish | into a great Fish Animal with a hard strong skin result; 70 obl | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: agent=Agent itself=Patient into animal=Result | |||
| 4 | bid | gerund | the tiny fish not said here | the boy mount | upon fish's back | tree rules | |||
| 5 | go | past | fish | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 6 | plow | gerund | fish not said here | the forest | vn wipe_instr-10.4.2-1 «NP.agent V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 7 | break down | gerund | fish not said here | big trees | like stubble; down property | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Patient | |||
| 8 | bring | gerund | the tiny fish not said here | boy | the other side | without a scratch; through property | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent he=Theme to side=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories» by Charles Fletcher Lummis, Project Gutenberg book 77804 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77804/19/97/