The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories, The Brown Story-tellers, sentence 1
I FANCY that if almost any of us were asked, “When did people begin to make fairy stories?” our first thought would be, “Why, of course, after mankind had become civilized, and had invented writing.”
Who acts: I, first thought, mankind, our · What happens: fancy, ask, begin, make, be, become · To what, where: any, fairy stories, writing · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories» by Charles Fletcher Lummis, The Brown Story-tellers. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, first thought, mankind, our), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 FANCY | nsubj |
| 2 | FANCY | fancy | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 16 begin | mark |
| 4 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 10 asked | mark |
| 5 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 6 any | advmod |
| 6 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 10 asked | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 us | case |
| 8 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 6 any | nmod |
| 9 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 asked | aux:pass |
| 10 | asked | ask | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 begin | advcl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 did | punct |
| 12 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 did | punct |
| 13 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 14 did | advmod |
| 14 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 begin | aux |
| 15 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 did | obj |
| 16 | begin | begin | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 2 FANCY | advcl |
| 17 | to | to | PART | _ | 18 make | mark |
| 18 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 16 begin | xcomp |
| 19 | fairy | fairy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 stories | compound |
| 20 | stories | story | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 make | obj |
| 21 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 2 FANCY | punct |
| 22 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 FANCY | punct |
| 23 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 thought | nmod:poss |
| 24 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 25 thought | amod |
| 25 | thought | thought | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 FANCY | parataxis |
| 26 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 30 Why | aux |
| 27 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 30 Why | cop |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 Why | punct |
| 29 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 30 Why | punct |
| 30 | Why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 25 thought | acl:relcl |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 become | punct |
| 32 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 38 become | mark |
| 33 | course | course | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 of | fixed |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 become | punct |
| 35 | after | after | SCONJ | _ | 38 become | mark |
| 36 | mankind | mankind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 become | nsubj |
| 37 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 38 become | aux |
| 38 | become | become | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 FANCY | parataxis |
| 39 | civilized | civilized | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 become | xcomp |
| 40 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 invented | punct |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 invented | cc |
| 42 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 43 invented | aux |
| 43 | invented | invent | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 2 FANCY | parataxis |
| 44 | writing | writing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 invented | obj |
| 45 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 FANCY | punct |
| 46 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 FANCY | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fancy | present | I | our first thought parataxis | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | ask speech: ask a condition, not said to happen | past · passive | any of us | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient | |||||
| 3 | begin in a quote | past · do-support | I not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | make in a quote | to-infinitive | I not said here | fairy stories | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset story=Product | ||||
| 5 | is in a quote | would | our first thought not said here | why property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | become in a quote | past · perfect | mankind | civilized property | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 7 | invent in a quote | past · perfect | writing | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent writing=Result | |||||
| 8 | think | our | nom thought «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories» by Charles Fletcher Lummis, Project Gutenberg book 77804 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77804/2/1/