The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories, The Ants That Pushed on the Sky, sentence 55
And then perished all that is green; the animals fell in the brown fields; and the gaunt people who sat to warm themselves in the sun began to die there where they sat. At last the poor old man said to his daughters:
Who acts: that, animals, gaunt people, poor old man · What happens: perish, be, fall, sit, warm, begin · To what, where: brown fields, animals, sun, daughters · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories» by Charles Fletcher Lummis, The Ants That Pushed on the Sky. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (that, animals, gaunt people, poor old man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 perished | cc |
| 2 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 perished | advmod |
| 3 | perished | perish | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 5 that | det:predet |
| 5 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 7 green | nsubj |
| 6 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 green | cop |
| 7 | green | green | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 perished | ccomp |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 11 fell | punct |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 animals | det |
| 10 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 fell | nsubj |
| 11 | fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 perished | conj |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 fields | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 fields | det |
| 14 | brown | brown | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 fields | amod |
| 15 | fields | field | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 fell | obl |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 29 began | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 began | cc |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 people | det |
| 19 | gaunt | gaunt | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 people | amod |
| 20 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 began | nsubj |
| 21 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 22 sat | nsubj |
| 22 | sat | sit | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 people | acl:relcl |
| 23 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 warm | mark |
| 24 | warm | warm | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 sat | xcomp |
| 25 | themselves | themselves | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 24 warm | obj |
| 26 | in | in | ADP | _ | 28 sun | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 sun | det |
| 28 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 warm | obl |
| 29 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 perished | conj |
| 30 | to | to | PART | _ | 31 die | mark |
| 31 | die | die | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 29 began | xcomp |
| 32 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 31 die | advmod |
| 33 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 31 die | advmod |
| 34 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 sat. | nsubj |
| 35 | sat. | Saturday | PROPN | Abbr=Yes Number=Sing | 33 where | nsubj |
| 36 | At | at | ADP | _ | 37 last | case |
| 37 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 sat. | amod |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 41 man | det |
| 39 | poor | poor | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 man | amod |
| 40 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 man | amod |
| 41 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 said | nsubj |
| 42 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 last | parataxis |
| 43 | to | to | ADP | _ | 45 daughters | case |
| 44 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 45 daughters | nmod:poss |
| 45 | daughters | daughter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 42 said | obl |
| 46 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 3 perished | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | perish | past | then | vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 2 | is | present | that | green property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | fall | past | the animals | the brown fields | vn occur-48.3 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme in field=Location | ||||
| 4 | sit | past | the gaunt people | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | warm | to-infinitive | the gaunt people not said here | animals = animal | the sun | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent themselves=Patient | |||
| 6 | begin | past | the gaunt people | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 7 | die | to-infinitive | the gaunt people not said here | there | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | ||||
| 8 | say speech: assert | past | the poor old man | Man's daughters | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to daughter=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories» by Charles Fletcher Lummis, Project Gutenberg book 77804 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77804/24/55/