The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories, The Revenge of the Fawns, sentence 1
“DON CARLOS,” said Vitorino, throwing another log upon the fire, which caught his tall shadow and twisted it and set it dancing against the rocky walls of the cañon in which we were camped for the night, “did you ever hear why the Wolf and the Deer are enemies?”
Who acts: DON, fire, you, Deer, Vitorino · What happens: say, throw, catch, twist, set, dance · To what, where: log, fire, tall shadow, shadow, rocky walls, we · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories» by Charles Fletcher Lummis, The Revenge of the Fawns. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (DON, fire, you, Deer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 DON | punct |
| 2 | DON | don | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 said | nsubj |
| 3 | CARLOS | CARLOS | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 DON | appos |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 DON | punct |
| 5 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 DON | punct |
| 6 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | Vitorino | Vitorino | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 said | nsubj |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 throwing | punct |
| 9 | throwing | throw | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 6 said | advcl |
| 10 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 11 log | det |
| 11 | log | log | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 throwing | obj |
| 12 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 14 fire | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 fire | det |
| 14 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 throwing | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 caught | punct |
| 16 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 caught | nsubj |
| 17 | caught | catch | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 fire | acl:relcl |
| 18 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 shadow | nmod:poss |
| 19 | tall | tall | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 shadow | amod |
| 20 | shadow | shadow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 caught | obj |
| 21 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 twisted | cc |
| 22 | twisted | twist | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 said | conj |
| 23 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 22 twisted | obj |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 set | cc |
| 25 | set | set | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 twisted | conj |
| 26 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 set | obj |
| 27 | dancing | dance | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 25 set | xcomp |
| 28 | against | against | ADP | _ | 31 walls | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 walls | det |
| 30 | rocky | rocky | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 walls | amod |
| 31 | walls | wall | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 dancing | obl |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 34 cañon | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 cañon | det |
| 34 | cañon | cañon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 walls | nmod |
| 35 | in | in | ADP | _ | 36 which | case |
| 36 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 39 camped | obl |
| 37 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 39 camped | nsubj:pass |
| 38 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 39 camped | aux:pass |
| 39 | camped | camp | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 34 cañon | acl:relcl |
| 40 | for | for | ADP | _ | 42 night | case |
| 41 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 night | det |
| 42 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 camped | obl |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 hear | punct |
| 44 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 48 hear | punct |
| 45 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=2 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 48 hear | aux |
| 46 | you | you | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 48 hear | nsubj |
| 47 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 48 hear | advmod |
| 48 | hear | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 twisted | conj |
| 49 | why | why | ADV | PronType=Int | 51 Wolf | advmod |
| 50 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 51 Wolf | det |
| 51 | Wolf | Wolf | PROPN | Number=Sing | 48 hear | obj |
| 52 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 56 enemies | cc |
| 53 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 54 Deer | det |
| 54 | Deer | deer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 56 enemies | nsubj |
| 55 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 56 enemies | cop |
| 56 | enemies | enemy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 51 Wolf | conj |
| 57 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 51 Wolf | punct |
| 58 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 twisted | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: ask | past | DON | Vitorino nsubj | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | throw | gerund | DON not said here | another log | the fire | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent log=Theme upon fire=Destination | |||
| 3 | catch | past | the fire | Vitorino's tall shadow | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shadow=Theme | ||||
| 4 | twist | past | DON not said here | shadow | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent it=Theme | ||||
| 5 | set | infinitive | DON not said here | shadow | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | dance | gerund | DON not said here | the rocky walls of the cañon | vn modes_of_being_with_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme against wall=Location | ||||
| 7 | camp | past · passive | we | the cañon | night | vn odge-46-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in which=Location | |||
| 8 | hear in a quote | past · do-support | you | the Wolf and enemies | ever | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer wolf=Stimulus | |||
| 9 | is a in a quote | present | the Deer | enemies | tree rules | ||||
| 10 | shadow | Vitorino | nom shadow «state transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories» by Charles Fletcher Lummis, Project Gutenberg book 77804 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77804/27/1/