The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories, The Sobbing Pine, sentence 59
Next morning he could see a stout young pine-tree growing at the bottom of the cliff, where he was very sure there had been no tree at all the day before.
Who acts: cone, stout young pine tree · What happens: see, grow, be · To what, where: stout young pine tree, bottom, tree
This is a sentence of «The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories» by Charles Fletcher Lummis, The Sobbing Pine. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cone, stout young pine tree), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Next | next | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 morning | amod |
| 2 | morning | morning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 see | obl:unmarked |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 see | nsubj |
| 4 | could | could | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 5 see | aux |
| 5 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 tree | det |
| 7 | stout | stout | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 tree | amod |
| 8 | young | young | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 tree | amod |
| 9 | pine | pine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 tree | compound |
| 10 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 9 pine | punct |
| 11 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 see | obj |
| 12 | growing | grow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 11 tree | acl |
| 13 | at | at | ADP | _ | 15 bottom | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 bottom | det |
| 15 | bottom | bottom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 growing | obl |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 cliff | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 cliff | det |
| 18 | cliff | cliff | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 bottom | nmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 sure | punct |
| 20 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 24 sure | advmod |
| 21 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 sure | nsubj |
| 22 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 sure | cop |
| 23 | very | very | ADV | _ | 24 sure | advmod |
| 24 | sure | sure | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 tree | conj |
| 25 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 24 sure | advmod |
| 26 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 tree | aux |
| 27 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 29 tree | cop |
| 28 | no | no | DET | PronType=Neg | 29 tree | det |
| 29 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 sure | ccomp |
| 30 | at | at | ADP | _ | 33 day | case |
| 31 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 33 day | det:predet |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 day | det |
| 33 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 sure | obl |
| 34 | before | before | ADV | _ | 33 day | advmod |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 see | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | could | cone | a stout young pine tree | morning | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer tree=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | grow | gerund | a stout young pine tree not said here | the bottom of the cliff | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at bottom=Location | ||||
| 3 | is | past | cone | there | day | sure property | tree rules | ||
| 4 | is a | past · perfect | cone not said here | no tree | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories» by Charles Fletcher Lummis, Project Gutenberg book 77804 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg77804/28/59/