The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories, The Coyote, sentence 3
Smart as he is in some things, he believes whatever is told him; and by his credulity becomes the butt of all the other animals, who never tire of “April-fooling” him.
Who acts: rabbit, other animals · What happens: be, believe, tell, become, fool · To what, where: whatever, rabbit, butt · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories» by Charles Fletcher Lummis, The Coyote. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rabbit, other animals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Smart | smart | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 2 | as | as | ADP | _ | 7 things | case |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 things | nsubj |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 things | cop |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 things | case |
| 6 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 7 things | det |
| 7 | things | thing | NOUN | Number=Plur | 1 Smart | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 believes | punct |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 10 believes | nsubj |
| 10 | believes | believe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 Smart | conj |
| 11 | whatever | whatever | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 told | nsubj:pass |
| 12 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 told | aux:pass |
| 13 | told | tell | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 10 believes | ccomp |
| 14 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 told | iobj |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 becomes | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 becomes | cc |
| 17 | by | by | ADP | _ | 19 credulity | case |
| 18 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 credulity | nmod:poss |
| 19 | credulity | credulity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 becomes | obl |
| 20 | becomes | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 1 Smart | conj |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 butt | det |
| 22 | butt | butt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 becomes | xcomp |
| 23 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 animals | case |
| 24 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 27 animals | det:predet |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 animals | det |
| 26 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 animals | amod |
| 27 | animals | animal | NOUN | Number=Plur | 22 butt | nmod |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 fooling | punct |
| 29 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 36 fooling | nsubj |
| 30 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 31 tire | advmod |
| 31 | tire | tire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 fooling | nsubj |
| 32 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 36 fooling | mark |
| 33 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 36 fooling | punct |
| 34 | April | April | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 fooling | nsubj |
| 35 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 34 April | punct |
| 36 | fooling | fool | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 27 animals | acl |
| 37 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 36 fooling | punct |
| 38 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 36 fooling | obj |
| 39 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Smart | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | rabbit | as some things | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | believe | present | rabbit | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | tell speech: assert | present · passive | whatever | rabbit | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Recipient he=Topic | ||||
| 4 | become | present | the butt of all other animals | by rabbit's credulity | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 5 | fool in a quote | gerund | all other animals | rabbit | tire nsubj | vn trick-59.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The man who married the moon, and other Pueblo Indian folk-stories» by Charles Fletcher Lummis, Project Gutenberg book 77804 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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