Winning Buddha's smile, Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 10, sentence 14
He had seen himself surrounded by tongues of flame and his head, severed from his body, was boiling in a large copper kettle.
Who acts: Rung · What happens: see, surround, sever, boil · To what, where: Rung, tongues
This is a sentence of «Winning Buddha's smile», Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Rung), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 seen | nsubj |
| 2 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 seen | aux |
| 3 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 4 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 3 seen | obj |
| 5 | surrounded | surround | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 seen | conj |
| 6 | by | by | ADP | _ | 7 tongues | case |
| 7 | tongues | tongue | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 surrounded | obl:agent |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 9 flame | case |
| 9 | flame | flame | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 tongues | nmod |
| 10 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 head | cc |
| 11 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 12 head | nmod:poss |
| 12 | head | head | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 flame | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 severed | punct |
| 14 | severed | sever | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 tongues | acl |
| 15 | from | from | ADP | _ | 17 body | case |
| 16 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 17 body | nmod:poss |
| 17 | body | body | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 severed | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 boiling | punct |
| 19 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 boiling | aux |
| 20 | boiling | boil | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 seen | advcl |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 kettle | case |
| 22 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 kettle | det |
| 23 | large | large | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 kettle | amod |
| 24 | copper | copper | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 kettle | compound |
| 25 | kettle | kettle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 boiling | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 seen | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past · perfect | Rung | Rung | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer himself=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | surround | participle | Rung not said here | tongues of flame and Rung's head obl:agent | vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | sever | participle | tongues of flame and Rung's head not said here | from Rung's body | vn separate-23.1 «NP V ADVP-Middle PP»: agent=Patient from body=Co-Patient | ||||
| 4 | boil | past · progressive | Rung not said here | in a large copper kettle | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V PP.result PP.instrument»: agent=Patient in kettle=Instrument |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Winning Buddha's smile», Project Gutenberg book 78208 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78208/12/14/