Winning Buddha's smile, Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 11, sentence 31
When we see a ferocious dog on the highway attacking another dog, incapable of defending itself, we hasten to help the weaker.
Who acts: we, highway, incapable · What happens: see, attack, defend, hasten, help · To what, where: ferocious dog, highway, dog, incapable
This is a sentence of «Winning Buddha's smile», Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (we, highway, incapable), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 3 see | advmod |
| 2 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 3 see | nsubj |
| 3 | see | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 hasten | advcl |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 dog | det |
| 5 | ferocious | ferocious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 dog | amod |
| 6 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 see | obj |
| 7 | on | on | ADP | _ | 9 highway | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 highway | det |
| 9 | highway | highway | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 dog | nmod |
| 10 | attacking | attack | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 9 highway | acl |
| 11 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 12 dog | det |
| 12 | dog | dog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 attacking | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 incapable | punct |
| 14 | incapable | incapable | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 dog | conj |
| 15 | of | of | SCONJ | _ | 16 defending | mark |
| 16 | defending | defend | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 14 incapable | acl |
| 17 | itself | itself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 16 defending | obj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 see | punct |
| 19 | we | we | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 20 hasten | nsubj |
| 20 | hasten | hasten | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 21 | to | to | PART | _ | 22 help | mark |
| 22 | help | help | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 20 hasten | xcomp |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 weaker | det |
| 24 | weaker | weak | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 22 help | advmod |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 20 hasten | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | present | we | a ferocious dog and incapable | the highway | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer dog=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | attack | gerund | the highway not said here | another dog | vn attack-60.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dog=Patient | ||||
| 3 | defend | gerund | incapable not said here | incapable | vn defend-72.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent itself=Beneficiary | ||||
| 4 | hasten | present | we | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | help | to-infinitive | we not said here | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Winning Buddha's smile», Project Gutenberg book 78208 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78208/13/31/