Winning Buddha's smile, Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 3, sentence 51
He was obliged to leave the Korean Capital, a circumstance which he regretted exceedingly just at this time because his wife, Yeng-Si, who was soon to become a mother, would not have the comforts and advantages of the city.
Who acts: circumstance, wife · What happens: oblige, leave, regret, be, not have · To what, where: San, Korean Capital, mother, comforts
This is a sentence of «Winning Buddha's smile», Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (circumstance, wife), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 obliged | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 obliged | aux:pass |
| 3 | obliged | oblige | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 leave | mark |
| 5 | leave | leave | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 obliged | xcomp |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 Capital | det |
| 7 | Korean | korean | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 Capital | amod |
| 8 | Capital | Capital | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 leave | obj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 circumstance | punct |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 circumstance | det |
| 11 | circumstance | circumstance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 Capital | appos |
| 12 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 14 regretted | nsubj |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 regretted | nsubj |
| 14 | regretted | regret | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 circumstance | acl:relcl |
| 15 | exceedingly | exceedingly | ADV | _ | 14 regretted | advmod |
| 16 | just | just | ADV | _ | 19 time | advmod |
| 17 | at | at | ADP | _ | 19 time | case |
| 18 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 19 time | det |
| 19 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 leave | obl:unmarked |
| 20 | because | because | SCONJ | _ | 32 become | mark |
| 21 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 22 wife | nmod:poss |
| 22 | wife | wife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 become | nsubj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 Yeng | punct |
| 24 | Yeng | Yeng | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 wife | appos |
| 25 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 26 Si | punct |
| 26 | Si | Si | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 Yeng | conj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 become | punct |
| 28 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 32 become | nsubj |
| 29 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 become | cop |
| 30 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 32 become | advmod |
| 31 | to | to | PART | _ | 32 become | mark |
| 32 | become | become | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 leave | advcl |
| 33 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 mother | det |
| 34 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 become | xcomp |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 have | punct |
| 36 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 38 have | aux |
| 37 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 38 have | advmod |
| 38 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 obliged | conj |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 comforts | det |
| 40 | comforts | comfort | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 have | obj |
| 41 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 42 advantages | cc |
| 42 | advantages | advantage | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 comforts | conj |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 45 city | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 45 city | det |
| 45 | city | city | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 advantages | nmod |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 obliged | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | oblige | past · passive | San | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: subject=Patient clause=Result | |||||
| 2 | leave | to-infinitive | the Korean Capital | time | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent capital=Theme | ||||
| 3 | regret | past | a circumstance | San nsubj; exceedingly property | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 4 | is | past | San's wife | a mother | who nsubj; become, soon property | tree rules | |||
| 5 | not have | would | the comforts and advantages of the city | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent comfort=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Winning Buddha's smile», Project Gutenberg book 78208 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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