Winning Buddha's smile, Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 6, sentence 52
One day, when San-Syeng was out walking he noticed one of these crowds; he hurried back to his lodgings and inquired of Hong-Jun, his landlord, who had formerly held an important commission in the army,
Who acts: San · What happens: walk, notice, hurry back, inquire, hold · To what, where: one, lodgings, landlord
This is a sentence of «Winning Buddha's smile», Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (San), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | One | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 2 day | nummod |
| 2 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 noticed | obl:unmarked |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 day | punct |
| 4 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 10 walking | mark |
| 5 | San | San | PROPN | Number=Sing | 10 walking | nsubj |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 5 San | punct |
| 7 | Syeng | Syeng | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 San | flat |
| 8 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 walking | aux |
| 9 | out | out | ADP | _ | 8 was | compound:prt |
| 10 | walking | walk | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 noticed | advcl |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 noticed | nsubj |
| 12 | noticed | notice | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 12 noticed | obj |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 16 crowds | case |
| 15 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 16 crowds | det |
| 16 | crowds | crowd | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 one | nmod |
| 17 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 19 hurried | punct |
| 18 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 hurried | nsubj |
| 19 | hurried | hurry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 noticed | parataxis |
| 20 | back | back | ADV | _ | 19 hurried | advmod |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 23 lodgings | case |
| 22 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 lodgings | nmod:poss |
| 23 | lodgings | lodging | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 hurried | obl |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 inquired | cc |
| 25 | inquired | inquire | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 hurried | conj |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 27 Hong | case |
| 27 | Hong | Hong | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 inquired | obl |
| 28 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 29 Jun | punct |
| 29 | Jun | Jun | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 Hong | conj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 landlord | punct |
| 31 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 32 landlord | nmod:poss |
| 32 | landlord | landlord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 Hong | appos |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 held | punct |
| 34 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 37 held | nsubj:pass |
| 35 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 37 held | aux |
| 36 | formerly | formerly | ADV | _ | 37 held | advmod |
| 37 | held | hold | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 32 landlord | acl:relcl |
| 38 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 40 commission | det |
| 39 | important | important | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 commission | amod |
| 40 | commission | commission | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 held | obj |
| 41 | in | in | ADP | _ | 43 army | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 army | det |
| 43 | army | army | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 commission | nmod |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 noticed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | walk | past · progressive | San | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | notice | past | San | one of this crowds | day | vn see-30.1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer one=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | hurry back | past | San | San's lodgings | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to lodging=Destination | ||||
| 4 | inquire speech: other | past | San not said here | of Hong and Jun | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V PP.recipient how S»: agent=Agent of hong=Recipient | ||||
| 5 | hold | past · perfect · passive | San's landlord | a important commission obj; formerly property | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: subject=Theme commission=Eventuality |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Winning Buddha's smile», Project Gutenberg book 78208 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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