Winning Buddha's smile, Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 7, sentence 106
Two candles--signifying youth; a needle and thread--signifying union; and incense burners, were placed on this improvised altar before which the betrothed pair knelt to pray to Heaven, after which they drank the sacramental wine from the same cup.
Who acts: Two candles, burners · What happens: signify, place, improvise, betroth, kneel, pray · To what, where: incense burners, improvised altar, betrothed pair, Heaven, sacramental wine, same cup
This is a sentence of «Winning Buddha's smile», Winning Buddha’s Smile, part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Two candles, burners), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 2 candles | nummod |
| 2 | candles | candle | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 3 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 5 youth | punct |
| 4 | signifying | signify | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 5 youth | amod |
| 5 | youth | youth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 candles | conj |
| 6 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 8 needle | punct |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 needle | det |
| 8 | needle | needle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 candles | conj |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 thread | cc |
| 10 | thread | thread | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 needle | conj |
| 11 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 13 union | punct |
| 12 | signifying | signify | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 13 union | amod |
| 13 | union | union | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 needle | conj |
| 14 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 20 placed | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 burners | cc |
| 16 | incense | incense | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 burners | compound |
| 17 | burners | burner | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 placed | nsubj:pass |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 burners | punct |
| 19 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 placed | aux:pass |
| 20 | placed | place | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 candles | acl |
| 21 | on | on | ADP | _ | 24 altar | case |
| 22 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 24 altar | det |
| 23 | improvised | improvise | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 altar | amod |
| 24 | altar | altar | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 placed | obl |
| 25 | before | before | ADP | _ | 29 pair | case |
| 26 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 29 pair | nsubj |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 pair | det |
| 28 | betrothed | betroth | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 pair | amod |
| 29 | pair | pair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 placed | obl |
| 30 | knelt | kneel | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 pair | acl |
| 31 | to | to | PART | _ | 32 pray | mark |
| 32 | pray | pray | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 knelt | xcomp |
| 33 | to | to | ADP | _ | 34 Heaven | case |
| 34 | Heaven | Heaven | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 pray | obl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 drank | punct |
| 36 | after | after | ADP | _ | 37 which | case |
| 37 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 39 drank | obl |
| 38 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 drank | nsubj |
| 39 | drank | drink | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 placed | conj |
| 40 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 42 wine | det |
| 41 | sacramental | sacramental | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 wine | amod |
| 42 | wine | wine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 drank | obj |
| 43 | from | from | ADP | _ | 46 cup | case |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 cup | det |
| 45 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 46 cup | amod |
| 46 | cup | cup | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 drank | obl |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 candles | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | signify | gerund | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot | ||||||
| 2 | signify | gerund | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot | ||||||
| 3 | place | past · passive | Two candles and signifying youth and a needle and thread and signifying union not said here | incense burners | this improvised altar | before the betrothed pair | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: subject=Theme on altar=Destination | ||
| 4 | improvise | participle | vn create-26.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | betroth | participle | vn contribute-13.2 «NP V NP.theme (PP)»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 6 | kneel | participle | the betrothed pair not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 7 | pray | to-infinitive | Heaven | vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot | |||||
| 8 | drink | past | burners = burner | the sacramental wine | the same cup | which obl | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wine=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Winning Buddha's smile», Project Gutenberg book 78208 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78208/9/106/