The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 1, sentence 57
The ‘Tain bo Cuailgné’ is especially valued, not only for its poetic merits, but for the light which it throws upon early Irish customs, such as the use of the war-chariot, abandoned, apparently, as early as the second century.
Who acts: light · What happens: value, throw, abandon, use · To what, where: Tain, early Irish customs, use, war chariot
This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (light), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Tain | det |
| 2 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 Tain | punct |
| 3 | Tain | Tain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 valued | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | bo | bo | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Tain | flat |
| 5 | Cuailgné | Cuailgné | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 Tain | flat |
| 6 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 3 Tain | punct |
| 7 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 valued | aux:pass |
| 8 | especially | especially | ADV | _ | 9 valued | advmod |
| 9 | valued | value | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 merits | punct |
| 11 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 16 merits | advmod |
| 12 | only | only | ADV | _ | 16 merits | advmod |
| 13 | for | for | ADP | _ | 16 merits | case |
| 14 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 merits | nmod:poss |
| 15 | poetic | poetic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 merits | amod |
| 16 | merits | merit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 valued | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 light | punct |
| 18 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 21 light | cc |
| 19 | for | for | ADP | _ | 21 light | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 light | det |
| 21 | light | light | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 valued | obl |
| 22 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 24 throws | nsubj |
| 23 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 throws | nsubj |
| 24 | throws | throw | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 light | acl:relcl |
| 25 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 28 customs | case |
| 26 | early | early | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 customs | amod |
| 27 | Irish | Irish | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 customs | amod |
| 28 | customs | custom | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 throws | obl |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 use | punct |
| 30 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos ExtPos=ADP | 33 use | case |
| 31 | as | as | ADP | _ | 30 such | fixed |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 use | det |
| 33 | use | use | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 customs | nmod |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 chariot | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 chariot | det |
| 36 | war | war | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 chariot | compound |
| 37 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 36 war | punct |
| 38 | chariot | chariot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 use | nmod |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 abandoned | punct |
| 40 | abandoned | abandon | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 33 use | acl |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 apparently | punct |
| 42 | apparently | apparently | ADV | _ | 40 abandoned | advmod |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 early | punct |
| 44 | as | as | ADV | _ | 45 early | advmod |
| 45 | early | early | ADV | Degree=Pos | 40 abandoned | advmod |
| 46 | as | as | ADP | _ | 49 century | case |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 century | det |
| 48 | second | second | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 49 century | amod |
| 49 | century | century | NOUN | Number=Sing | 45 early | obl |
| 50 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 valued | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | value | present · passive | the Tain | for Tain's poetic merits; for the light; especially property | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: subject=Stimulus for merit=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | throw | present | the light | early Irish customs such the use of the war chariot | Tain nsubj | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent upon custom=Destination | |||
| 3 | abandon | participle | the use of the war chariot not said here | apparently, early property | vn leave-51.2 «NP V NP.initial_location»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | use | the war chariot | nom use «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/1/57/