The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 13, sentence 16
Ceaseless thought On immemorial wrongs--he brooded still O’er glories of Moytura, and Tailltenn, Their great assemblies, and their solemn games, And kingly graves--had cast upon his brow Perpetual shade; and ever, on the march, If high on crags there stood some Gaelic tomb Wind-worn a thousand years, he passed it by With face averse, muttering, ‘New men!
Who acts: Ceaseless, march, Moytura · What happens: think, brood, cast, stand, wear, pass · To what, where: immemorial wrongs, O’er glories, kingly graves, brow, some, Gaelic tomb · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ceaseless, march, Moytura), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ceaseless | Ceaseless | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 thought | nsubj |
| 2 | thought | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | On | on | ADP | _ | 5 wrongs | case |
| 4 | immemorial | immemorial | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 wrongs | amod |
| 5 | wrongs | wrong | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 thought | obl |
| 6 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 8 brooded | punct |
| 7 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 brooded | nsubj |
| 8 | brooded | brood | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 thought | parataxis |
| 9 | still | still | ADV | _ | 10 O’er | advmod |
| 10 | O’er | o'er | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 glories | amod |
| 11 | glories | glory | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 brooded | obj |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 Moytura | case |
| 13 | Moytura | Moytura | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 glories | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 Tailltenn | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 Tailltenn | cc |
| 16 | Tailltenn | Tailltenn | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 brooded | obl |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 assemblies | punct |
| 18 | Their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 assemblies | nmod:poss |
| 19 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 assemblies | amod |
| 20 | assemblies | assembly | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 Tailltenn | conj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 games | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 games | cc |
| 23 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 25 games | nmod:poss |
| 24 | solemn | solemn | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 games | amod |
| 25 | games | game | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 brooded | obl |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 cast | punct |
| 27 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 cast | cc |
| 28 | kingly | kingly | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 graves | amod |
| 29 | graves | grave | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 cast | nsubj:pass |
| 30 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 29 graves | punct |
| 31 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 32 cast | aux |
| 32 | cast | cast | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 brooded | conj |
| 33 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 35 brow | case |
| 34 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 brow | nmod:poss |
| 35 | brow | brow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 cast | obl |
| 36 | Perpetual | perpetual | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 37 shade | amod |
| 37 | shade | shade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 brow | conj |
| 38 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 40 ever | punct |
| 39 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 40 ever | cc |
| 40 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 2 thought | advmod |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 march | punct |
| 42 | on | on | ADP | _ | 44 march | case |
| 43 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 44 march | det |
| 44 | march | march | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 stood | nsubj |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 high | punct |
| 46 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 47 high | mark |
| 47 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 44 march | amod |
| 48 | on | on | ADP | _ | 49 crags | case |
| 49 | crags | crag | NOUN | Number=Plur | 47 high | obl |
| 50 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 51 stood | advmod |
| 51 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 thought | ccomp |
| 52 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 51 stood | obj |
| 53 | Gaelic | gaelic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 54 tomb | amod |
| 54 | tomb | tomb | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 stood | obj |
| 55 | Wind | wind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 worn | compound |
| 56 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 55 Wind | punct |
| 57 | worn | wear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 54 tomb | acl |
| 58 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 59 thousand | det |
| 59 | thousand | thousand | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 60 years | nummod |
| 60 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 57 worn | obl:unmarked |
| 61 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 63 passed | punct |
| 62 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 63 passed | nsubj |
| 63 | passed | pass | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 thought | parataxis |
| 64 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 63 passed | obj |
| 65 | by | by | ADP | _ | 67 face | case |
| 66 | With | with | ADP | _ | 67 face | case |
| 67 | face | face | NOUN | Number=Sing | 63 passed | obl |
| 68 | averse | averse | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 63 passed | xcomp |
| 69 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 70 muttering | punct |
| 70 | muttering | mutter | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 63 passed | advcl |
| 71 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 74 men | punct |
| 72 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 74 men | punct |
| 73 | New | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 74 men | amod |
| 74 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 70 muttering | obj |
| 75 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 2 thought | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | think speech: other | past | Ceaseless | immemorial wrongs | ever | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||
| 2 | brood | past | Ceaseless | O’er glories of Moytura | Tailltenn and Tailltenn's great assemblies obl; assemblies's solemn games obl | tree rules | |||
| 3 | cast | past · perfect · passive | kingly graves | Ceaseless's brow and Perpetual shade | vn throw-17.1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: subject=Theme upon brow=Destination | ||||
| 4 | stand | past | the march | some | there | Gaelic tomb obj | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Agent some=Theme tomb=Destination | ||
| 5 | wear | participle | Gaelic tomb not said here | year | Wind compound | vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent | |||
| 6 | pass | past | march | tomb | by face; averse property | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent it=Theme by face=Destination | |||
| 7 | mutter speech: assert | gerund | march not said here | New men | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent man=Topic | ||||
| 8 | glory | Moytura | nom glory «state intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/13/16/