The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 14, sentence 15
But when six days Were past, and none had seen that threatening helm, There went abroad a rumour, ‘he is dead:’ Then sped to her six champions claiming fight: Whom from her presence spurning, Meave advanced With all her host o’er Uladh’s frontier line By Daré’s castle and the ill-omened gate Whereon high-seated Daré’s Fool had hurled Against her scorn and gibe.
Who acts: tread, six champions, Finobar · What happens: see, threaten, go, be, speed, claim · To what, where: none, helm, rumour, Meave advanced, six champions, fight
This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (tread, six champions, Finobar), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 11 seen | cc |
| 2 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 6 past | mark |
| 3 | six | six | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 4 days | nummod |
| 4 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 past | obl:unmarked |
| 5 | Were | where | ADV | PronType=Rel Typo=Yes | 6 past | advmod |
| 6 | past | past | ADV | _ | 11 seen | advcl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 seen | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 seen | cc |
| 9 | none | none | PRON | PronType=Neg | 11 seen | nsubj:pass |
| 10 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 seen | aux |
| 11 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 dead | advcl |
| 12 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 17 went | mark |
| 13 | threatening | threaten | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 17 went | advcl |
| 14 | helm | helm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 threatening | obj |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 threatening | punct |
| 16 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 17 went | expl |
| 17 | went | go | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 seen | advcl |
| 18 | abroad | abroad | ADV | _ | 17 went | advmod |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 rumour | det |
| 20 | rumour | rumour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 went | obl |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 dead | punct |
| 22 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 25 dead | punct |
| 23 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 dead | nsubj |
| 24 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 dead | cop |
| 25 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 26 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 29 sped | punct |
| 27 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 29 sped | punct |
| 28 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 29 sped | advmod |
| 29 | sped | speed | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 dead | conj |
| 30 | to | to | ADP | _ | 33 champions | case |
| 31 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 champions | nmod:poss |
| 32 | six | six | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 33 champions | nummod |
| 33 | champions | champion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 sped | obl |
| 34 | claiming | claim | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 33 champions | acl |
| 35 | fight | fight | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 claiming | obj |
| 36 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 37 Whom | punct |
| 37 | Whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 33 champions | acl:relcl |
| 38 | from | from | ADP | _ | 41 spurning | case |
| 39 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 41 spurning | nmod:poss |
| 40 | presence | presence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 spurning | compound |
| 41 | spurning | spurning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 Whom | nmod |
| 42 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 44 advanced | punct |
| 43 | Meave | Meave | PROPN | Number=Sing | 44 advanced | compound |
| 44 | advanced | advanced | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 sped | obl |
| 45 | With | with | ADP | _ | 48 host | case |
| 46 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 48 host | det:predet |
| 47 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 48 host | nmod:poss |
| 48 | host | host | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 advanced | nmod |
| 49 | o’er | o' | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 48 host | amod |
| 50 | Uladh | Uladh | PROPN | Number=Sing | 53 line | nmod:poss |
| 51 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 50 Uladh | case |
| 52 | frontier | frontier | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 line | compound |
| 53 | line | line | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 host | conj |
| 54 | By | by | ADP | _ | 57 castle | case |
| 55 | Daré | Daré | PROPN | Number=Sing | 57 castle | nmod:poss |
| 56 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 55 Daré | case |
| 57 | castle | castle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 line | nmod |
| 58 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 63 gate | cc |
| 59 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 63 gate | det |
| 60 | ill | ill | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 62 omened | compound |
| 61 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 60 ill | punct |
| 62 | omened | omen | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 63 gate | amod |
| 63 | gate | gate | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 line | conj |
| 64 | Whereon | whereon | ADV | PronType=Int | 72 hurled | advmod |
| 65 | high | high | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 67 seated | compound |
| 66 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 65 high | punct |
| 67 | seated | seat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 68 Daré | amod |
| 68 | Daré | Daré | PROPN | Number=Sing | 70 Fool | nmod:poss |
| 69 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 68 Daré | case |
| 70 | Fool | fool | NOUN | Number=Sing | 72 hurled | nsubj:pass |
| 71 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 72 hurled | aux |
| 72 | hurled | hurl | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 53 line | acl |
| 73 | Against | against | ADP | _ | 75 scorn | case |
| 74 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 75 scorn | nmod:poss |
| 75 | scorn | scorn | NOUN | Number=Sing | 72 hurled | obl |
| 76 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 77 gibe | cc |
| 77 | gibe | gibe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 75 scorn | conj |
| 78 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 25 dead | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past · perfect · passive | none | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | threaten | gerund | helm | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus helm=Experiencer | |||||
| 3 | go | past | a rumour | there | abroad property | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 4 | is | present | tread | dead property | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | speed | past | tread not said here | Meave advanced with Finobar's host and Uladh's frontier line by Daré's castle and the omened gate | Finobar's six champions | then | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to champion=Destination | ||
| 6 | claim speech: other | gerund | Finobar's six champions not said here | fight | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent fight=Topic | ||||
| 7 | omen | participle | tree rules | ||||||
| 8 | seat | participle | vn fit-54.3 «NP.location V NP»: agent=Location | ||||||
| 9 | hurl | past · perfect · passive | seated Daré's Fool | Finobar's scorn and gibe | whereon property | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: subject=Theme against scorn=Destination | |||
| 10 | scorn | Finobar | nom scorn «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/14/15/