The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 15, sentence 111
Reddened as he spake Meave’s cheek late pale; yet careless she replied; ‘I see her not, therefore believe her not, And breathe securely since that gleam far off Is human, not demoniac or divine; For never feared I yet the arm of man: Cuchullain dead, I hold at nought the rest.’
Who acts: sound, Meave, I, gleam · What happens: redden, speak, reply, not see, not believe, breathe · To what, where: cheek, Meave, arm, rest, nought · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sound, Meave, I, gleam), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Reddened | redden | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 careless | advcl |
| 2 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 4 spake | mark |
| 3 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 spake | nsubj |
| 4 | spake | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 1 Reddened | advcl |
| 5 | Meave | Meave | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 cheek | nmod:poss |
| 6 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 5 Meave | case |
| 7 | cheek | cheek | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 spake | obj |
| 8 | late | late | ADV | Degree=Pos | 9 pale | advmod |
| 9 | pale | pale | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 cheek | amod |
| 10 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 careless | punct |
| 11 | yet | yet | CCONJ | _ | 12 careless | cc |
| 12 | careless | careless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 13 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 replied | nsubj |
| 14 | replied | reply | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 careless | ccomp |
| 15 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 18 see | punct |
| 16 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 18 see | punct |
| 17 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 18 see | nsubj |
| 18 | see | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 careless | parataxis |
| 19 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 see | obj |
| 20 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 18 see | advmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 believe | punct |
| 22 | therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 23 believe | advmod |
| 23 | believe | believe | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 18 see | conj |
| 24 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 believe | obj |
| 25 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 23 believe | advmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 breathe | punct |
| 27 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 breathe | cc |
| 28 | breathe | breathe | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 23 believe | parataxis |
| 29 | securely | securely | ADV | _ | 28 breathe | advmod |
| 30 | since | since | SCONJ | _ | 36 human | mark |
| 31 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 32 gleam | det |
| 32 | gleam | gleam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 human | nsubj |
| 33 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 34 off | advmod |
| 34 | off | off | ADV | _ | 32 gleam | advmod |
| 35 | Is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 36 human | cop |
| 36 | human | human | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 breathe | advcl |
| 37 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 demoniac | punct |
| 38 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 39 demoniac | advmod |
| 39 | demoniac | demoniac | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 human | obl |
| 40 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 41 divine | cc |
| 41 | divine | divine | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 demoniac | conj |
| 42 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 47 yet | punct |
| 43 | For | for | SCONJ | _ | 45 feared | mark |
| 44 | never | never | ADV | PronType=Neg | 45 feared | advmod |
| 45 | feared | fear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 47 yet | advcl |
| 46 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 47 yet | nsubj |
| 47 | yet | yet | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 see | conj |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 arm | det |
| 49 | arm | arm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 yet | obj |
| 50 | of | of | ADP | _ | 51 man | case |
| 51 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 arm | nmod |
| 52 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 54 dead | punct |
| 53 | Cuchullain | Cuchullain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 54 dead | compound |
| 54 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 47 yet | advcl |
| 55 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 57 hold | punct |
| 56 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 57 hold | nsubj |
| 57 | hold | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 see | conj |
| 58 | at | at | ADP | _ | 59 nought | case |
| 59 | nought | nought | PRON | PronType=Neg | 57 hold | obl |
| 60 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 61 rest | det |
| 61 | rest | rest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 hold | obj |
| 62 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 careless | punct |
| 63 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 12 careless | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | redden | participle | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 2 | speak speech: other | past | sound | Meave's cheek | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | reply speech: assert | past | Meave | vn respond-113 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | not see | present | I | Meave | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer she=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | not believe | infinitive | I not said here | Meave | therefore property | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer she=Stimulus | |||
| 6 | breathe | infinitive | securely property | vn breathe-40.1.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 7 | is | present | that gleam | demoniac or divine obl; human property | tree rules | ||||
| 8 | not fear | participle | I not said here | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 9 | yet | past | I | the arm of man | tree rules | ||||
| 10 | hold | present | I | the rest | nought | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent rest=Theme at nought=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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