The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 15, sentence 116
Ailill to Fergus turned And spake; ‘Be thou henceforth our Battle-King:’ Thus spake he; then, releasing from his belt The sword usurped of Fergus, added thus; ‘Receive once more thy sword! in mirth erewhile I made it mine: the virtue in that blade Hath kept me till this hour.’
Who acts: Ailill, sword, I, virtue, our · What happens: turn, be, speak, release, usurp, add · To what, where: spake, thou, belt, sword, mirth erewhile, erewhile · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ailill, sword, I, virtue), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ailill | Ailill | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 turned | nsubj |
| 2 | to | to | ADP | _ | 3 Fergus | case |
| 3 | Fergus | Fergus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Ailill | nmod |
| 4 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 spake | cc |
| 6 | spake | speak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 turned | obj |
| 7 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 10 thou | punct |
| 8 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 10 thou | punct |
| 9 | Be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 10 thou | cop |
| 10 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 4 turned | obl |
| 11 | henceforth | henceforth | ADV | _ | 10 thou | advmod |
| 12 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 Battle | nmod:poss |
| 13 | Battle | battle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 henceforth | parataxis |
| 14 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 15 King | punct |
| 15 | King | King | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 Battle | appos |
| 16 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 19 spake | punct |
| 17 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 19 spake | punct |
| 18 | Thus | thus | ADV | _ | 19 spake | advmod |
| 19 | spake | speak | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 turned | parataxis |
| 20 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 spake | nsubj |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 24 releasing | punct |
| 22 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 24 releasing | advmod |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 releasing | punct |
| 24 | releasing | release | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 turned | advcl |
| 25 | from | from | ADP | _ | 27 belt | case |
| 26 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 belt | nmod:poss |
| 27 | belt | belt | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 releasing | obl |
| 28 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 sword | det |
| 29 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 usurped | nsubj |
| 30 | usurped | usurp | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 belt | acl:relcl |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 32 Fergus | case |
| 32 | Fergus | Fergus | PROPN | Number=Sing | 30 usurped | obl |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 added | punct |
| 34 | added | add | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 usurped | conj |
| 35 | thus | thus | ADV | _ | 34 added | advmod |
| 36 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 38 Receive | punct |
| 37 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 38 Receive | punct |
| 38 | Receive | receive | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 4 turned | conj |
| 39 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 40 more | advmod |
| 40 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 38 Receive | advmod |
| 41 | thy | thy | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 42 sword | nmod:poss |
| 42 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 Receive | obj |
| 43 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 38 Receive | punct |
| 44 | in | in | ADP | _ | 46 erewhile | case |
| 45 | mirth | mirth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 46 erewhile | compound |
| 46 | erewhile | erewhile | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 Receive | obl |
| 47 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 48 made | nsubj |
| 48 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 46 erewhile | acl:relcl |
| 49 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 48 made | obj |
| 50 | mine | my | PRON | Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 48 made | obj |
| 51 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 57 Hath | punct |
| 52 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 53 virtue | det |
| 53 | virtue | virtue | NOUN | Number=Sing | 57 Hath | nsubj |
| 54 | in | in | ADP | _ | 56 blade | case |
| 55 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 56 blade | det |
| 56 | blade | blade | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 virtue | nmod |
| 57 | Hath | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Style=Arch Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 turned | parataxis |
| 58 | kept | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 57 Hath | ccomp |
| 59 | me | I | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 58 kept | obj |
| 60 | till | till | ADP | _ | 62 hour | case |
| 61 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 62 hour | det |
| 62 | hour | hour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 kept | obl |
| 63 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 57 Hath | punct |
| 64 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 57 Hath | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | turn | past | Ailill to Fergus | spake | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent speak=Theme | ||||
| 2 | is a | infinitive | thou | henceforth property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | speak speech: other | Ailill | thus property | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | release | gerund | Ailill to Fergus not said here | battle's belt | then | vn free-10.6.3-1 «NP V NP S_ING»: agent=Causer | |||
| 5 | usurp | past | the sword | battle's belt not said here | of Fergus | tree rules | |||
| 6 | add speech: assert | past | the sword not said here | thus property | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 7 | receive | infinitive | Ailill to Fergus not said here | thy sword | mirth erewhile | vn admit-64.3-1 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent sword=Theme in erewhile=Location | |||
| 8 | make | past | I | erewhile | mine obj | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset it=Beneficiary my=Product | |||
| 9 | have | present | the virtue in that blade | tree rules | |||||
| 10 | keep | past | the virtue in that blade not said here | me | hour | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent i=Theme | |||
| 11 | battle | our | nom battle «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/15/116/