The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 15, sentence 140
First ye heard Their axes only; last, the falling trees:-- What, Sirs, ye look like men ill-pleased!
Who acts: ye, Sirs · What happens: hear, fall, look · To what, where: axes
This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (ye, Sirs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | First | first | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 3 heard | advmod |
| 2 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 3 heard | nsubj |
| 3 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | Their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 axes | nmod:poss |
| 5 | axes | ax | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 heard | obj |
| 6 | only | only | ADV | _ | 3 heard | advmod |
| 7 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 trees | punct |
| 8 | last | last | ADV | _ | 12 trees | advmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 last | punct |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 trees | det |
| 11 | falling | fall | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 trees | amod |
| 12 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 heard | obl |
| 13 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 20 look | punct |
| 14 | -- | -- | PUNCT | _ | 20 look | punct |
| 15 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Rel | 20 look | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 Sirs | punct |
| 17 | Sirs | sir | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 look | nsubj |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 Sirs | punct |
| 19 | ye | ye | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 17 Sirs | nmod |
| 20 | look | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 heard | parataxis |
| 21 | like | like | ADP | _ | 22 men | case |
| 22 | men | man | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 look | obl |
| 23 | ill | ill | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 pleased | amod |
| 24 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 23 ill | punct |
| 25 | pleased | pleased | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 look | conj |
| 26 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 3 heard | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | ye | forests's axes | the falling trees obl; first property | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer ax=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | fall | gerund | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 3 | look | present | Sirs ye | like men; What obl | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/15/140/