The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 15, sentence 72
Then far off, as though from depths By thought untraversable of cloudless skies, Such sound was heard as reaches ships at sea When, launched on airy voyage though still remote, Nation of ocean-crossing birds begins To obscure the serene heaven.
Who acts: Nation · What happens: think, hear, reach, launch, cross, begin · To what, where: Such sound, ships, sea, airy voyage, serene heaven
This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Nation), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 off | advmod |
| 2 | far | far | ADV | Degree=Pos | 3 off | advmod |
| 3 | off | off | ADV | _ | 10 thought | advmod |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 3 off | punct |
| 5 | as | as | ADP | _ | 8 depths | case |
| 6 | though | though | ADV | _ | 8 depths | advmod |
| 7 | from | from | ADP | _ | 8 depths | case |
| 8 | depths | depth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 off | obl |
| 9 | By | by | SCONJ | _ | 10 thought | mark |
| 10 | thought | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 11 | untraversable | untraversable | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 thought | xcomp |
| 12 | of | of | ADP | _ | 14 skies | case |
| 13 | cloudless | cloudless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 skies | amod |
| 14 | skies | sky | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 untraversable | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 heard | punct |
| 16 | Such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 sound | amod |
| 17 | sound | sound | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 heard | nsubj:pass |
| 18 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 heard | aux:pass |
| 19 | heard | hear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 untraversable | parataxis |
| 20 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 21 reaches | mark |
| 21 | reaches | reach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 heard | advcl |
| 22 | ships | ship | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 reaches | obj |
| 23 | at | at | ADP | _ | 24 sea | case |
| 24 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 reaches | obl |
| 25 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 21 reaches | advmod |
| 26 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 launched | punct |
| 27 | launched | launch | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 41 begins | advcl |
| 28 | on | on | ADP | _ | 30 voyage | case |
| 29 | airy | airy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 voyage | amod |
| 30 | voyage | voyage | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 launched | obl |
| 31 | though | though | ADV | _ | 33 remote | advmod |
| 32 | still | still | ADV | _ | 33 remote | advmod |
| 33 | remote | remote | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 launched | advcl |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 Nation | punct |
| 35 | Nation | Nation | PROPN | Number=Sing | 41 begins | nsubj |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 40 birds | case |
| 37 | ocean | ocean | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 crossing | compound |
| 38 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 37 ocean | punct |
| 39 | crossing | cross | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 40 birds | amod |
| 40 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 35 Nation | nmod |
| 41 | begins | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 19 heard | conj |
| 42 | To | to | PART | _ | 43 obscure | mark |
| 43 | obscure | obscure | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 41 begins | xcomp |
| 44 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 heaven | det |
| 45 | serene | serene | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 46 heaven | amod |
| 46 | heaven | heaven | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 obscure | obj |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 10 thought | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | think speech: other | past | then | off, untraversable property | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | hear | past · passive | Such sound | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: subject=Stimulus | |||||
| 3 | reach | present | ships | sea | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent ship=Theme at sea=Asset | ||||
| 4 | launch | participle | Nation of crossing birds not said here | airy voyage | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent on voyage=Destination | ||||
| 5 | cross | gerund | ocean compound | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | begin | present | Nation of crossing birds | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 7 | obscure | to-infinitive | Nation of crossing birds not said here | the serene heaven | vn remedy-45.7 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent heaven=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/15/72/