The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 3, sentence 25
Devout and grave, He taught her all the Ogham signs to read,[10] Inscribed on mossy stone or mystic stave; And how to trace green Erin’s Kings, each one To Heber or Heremon, Ir, or Donn.
Who acts: Druid, Ogham · What happens: teach, sign, read, inscribe, trace · To what, where: Officious, 10, mossy stone, Kings
This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Druid, Ogham), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Devout | devout | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 taught | advcl |
| 2 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 3 grave | cc |
| 3 | grave | grave | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 1 Devout | conj |
| 4 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 taught | punct |
| 5 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 taught | nsubj |
| 6 | taught | teach | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 taught | iobj |
| 8 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 10 Ogham | det:predet |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 Ogham | det |
| 10 | Ogham | Ogham | PROPN | Number=Sing | 11 signs | nsubj |
| 11 | signs | sign | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 taught | conj |
| 12 | to | to | PART | _ | 13 read | mark |
| 13 | read | read | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 11 signs | xcomp |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 10 | punct |
| 15 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 16 10 | punct |
| 16 | 10 | 10 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 13 read | obl |
| 17 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 16 10 | punct |
| 18 | Inscribed | inscribe | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 16 10 | acl |
| 19 | on | on | ADP | _ | 21 stone | case |
| 20 | mossy | mossy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 stone | amod |
| 21 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 Inscribed | obl |
| 22 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 24 stave | cc |
| 23 | mystic | mystic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 stave | amod |
| 24 | stave | stave | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 stone | conj |
| 25 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 29 trace | punct |
| 26 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 trace | cc |
| 27 | how | how | ADV | PronType=Int | 29 trace | advmod |
| 28 | to | to | PART | _ | 29 trace | mark |
| 29 | trace | trace | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 taught | conj |
| 30 | green | green | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 Erin | amod |
| 31 | Erin | Erin | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 Kings | nmod:poss |
| 32 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 31 Erin | case |
| 33 | Kings | king | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 trace | obj |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 one | punct |
| 35 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 36 one | det |
| 36 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 trace | parataxis |
| 37 | To | to | ADP | _ | 38 Heber | case |
| 38 | Heber | Heber | PROPN | Number=Sing | 36 one | nmod |
| 39 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 40 Heremon | cc |
| 40 | Heremon | Heremon | PROPN | Number=Sing | 38 Heber | conj |
| 41 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 Ir | punct |
| 42 | Ir | Ir | PROPN | Number=Sing | 38 Heber | conj |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 Donn | punct |
| 44 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 45 Donn | cc |
| 45 | Donn | Donn | PROPN | Number=Sing | 38 Heber | conj |
| 46 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 taught | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | teach speech: other | past | Druid | Officious | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent she=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | sign | present | all Ogham | vn instr_communication-37.4.1 «NP V when S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | read | to-infinitive | all Ogham not said here | 10 | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | inscribe | participle | mossy stone or mystic stave | vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.theme PP.destination»: agent=Agent on stone=Destination | |||||
| 5 | trace | to-infinitive | Druid not said here | green Erin's Kings | each one to Heber or Heremon and Ir or Donn parataxis | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent king=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/3/25/