The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 4, sentence 77
Three days in pride they paced a neighbouring height: Three days the Pict, thus challenged, stood at gaze, And ofttimes grimly turned from lord to lord: They answered nought; nor any raised his sword.
Who acts: brothers, ofttimes · What happens: pace, neighbour, challenge, stand, turn, answer · To what, where: neighbouring height, pride, gaze, nought
This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 4. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (brothers, ofttimes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 2 days | nummod |
| 2 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 paced | obl:unmarked |
| 3 | in | in | ADP | _ | 4 pride | case |
| 4 | pride | pride | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 paced | obl |
| 5 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 paced | nsubj |
| 6 | paced | pace | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 9 height | det |
| 8 | neighbouring | neighbour | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 9 height | amod |
| 9 | height | height | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 paced | obj |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 12 days | punct |
| 11 | Three | three | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 12 days | nummod |
| 12 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 challenged | obl |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 Pict | det |
| 14 | Pict | Pict | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 days | appos |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 challenged | punct |
| 16 | thus | thus | ADV | _ | 17 challenged | advmod |
| 17 | challenged | challenge | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 height | acl:relcl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 stood | punct |
| 19 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 paced | conj |
| 20 | at | at | ADP | _ | 21 gaze | case |
| 21 | gaze | gaze | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 stood | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 turned | punct |
| 23 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 turned | cc |
| 24 | ofttimes | ofttime | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 turned | nsubj |
| 25 | grimly | grimly | ADV | _ | 26 turned | advmod |
| 26 | turned | turn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 paced | conj |
| 27 | from | from | ADP | _ | 28 lord | case |
| 28 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 turned | obl |
| 29 | to | to | ADP | _ | 30 lord | case |
| 30 | lord | lord | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 turned | obl |
| 31 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 33 answered | punct |
| 32 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 answered | nsubj |
| 33 | answered | answer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 paced | parataxis |
| 34 | nought | nought | PRON | PronType=Neg | 33 answered | obj |
| 35 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 40 sword | punct |
| 36 | nor | nor | CCONJ | Polarity=Neg | 40 sword | cc |
| 37 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 40 sword | det |
| 38 | raised | raise | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 40 sword | amod |
| 39 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 40 sword | nmod:poss |
| 40 | sword | sword | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 paced | obl |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 paced | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pace | past | brothers = brother | a neighbouring height | pride | day | Lord's raised sword obl | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial_Location height=Theme | |
| 2 | neighbour | gerund | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | challenge | participle | a neighbouring height not said here | day | thus property | tree rules | |||
| 4 | stand | past | brothers = brother not said here | gaze | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent at gaze=Location | ||||
| 5 | turn | past | ofttimes | from lord; to lord result; grimly property | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V PP.material PP.result»: agent=Agent from lord=Initial_State to lord=Result | ||||
| 6 | answer speech: assert | past | brothers = brother | nought | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent nought=Eventuality | ||||
| 7 | raise | participle | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/4/77/