The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 9, sentence 44
At intervals Through chasm stream-cloven, and through rocky rent, The shepherd hears their multitudinous hum As of far hosts approaching swift yet dumb.
Who acts: shepherd, far hosts, intervals · What happens: hear, approach, swift, hum · To what, where: multitudinous hum, intervals
This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shepherd, far hosts, intervals), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 2 intervals | case |
| 2 | intervals | interval | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 hears | obl |
| 3 | Through | through | ADP | _ | 7 cloven | case |
| 4 | chasm | chasm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 cloven | compound |
| 5 | stream | stream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 cloven | compound |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 5 stream | punct |
| 7 | cloven | cloven | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 intervals | nmod |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 hears | punct |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 16 hears | cc |
| 10 | through | through | ADP | _ | 12 rent | case |
| 11 | rocky | rocky | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 rent | amod |
| 12 | rent | rent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 hears | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 rent | punct |
| 14 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 shepherd | det |
| 15 | shepherd | shepherd | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 hears | nsubj |
| 16 | hears | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 17 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 hum | nmod:poss |
| 18 | multitudinous | multitudinous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 hum | amod |
| 19 | hum | hum | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 hears | obj |
| 20 | As | as | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 23 hosts | case |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 As | fixed |
| 22 | far | far | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 hosts | amod |
| 23 | hosts | host | NOUN | Number=Plur | 16 hears | obl |
| 24 | approaching | approach | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 23 hosts | acl |
| 25 | swift | swift | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 approaching | ccomp |
| 26 | yet | yet | ADV | _ | 27 dumb | advmod |
| 27 | dumb | dumb | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 swift | xcomp |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 16 hears | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | present | the shepherd | intervals's multitudinous hum | intervals through chasm stream cloven | through rocky rent; as far hosts | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer hum=Stimulus | ||
| 2 | approach | gerund | far hosts not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | swift | present | far hosts not said here | dumb property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | hum | intervals = interval | nom hum «state intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/9/44/