The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age, Opening, part 9, sentence 63
They spake, and sudden thunder shook the world, And blackness wrapped the seas, and lightnings rent; And each from each abroad those swans were hurled By solid water-scud.
Who acts: ’, sudden thunder, blackness, lightnings, solid water scud · What happens: speak, shake, wrap, rent, hurl · To what, where: world, seas, each · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Opening, part 9. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (’, sudden thunder, blackness, lightnings), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 spake | nsubj |
| 2 | spake | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 shook | punct |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 shook | cc |
| 5 | sudden | sudden | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 thunder | amod |
| 6 | thunder | thunder | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 shook | nsubj |
| 7 | shook | shake | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 spake | parataxis |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 world | det |
| 9 | world | world | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 shook | obj |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 wrapped | punct |
| 11 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 wrapped | cc |
| 12 | blackness | blackness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 wrapped | nsubj |
| 13 | wrapped | wrap | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 shook | conj |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 seas | det |
| 15 | seas | sea | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 wrapped | obj |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 rent | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 rent | cc |
| 18 | lightnings | lightning | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 rent | nsubj |
| 19 | rent | rent | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 spake | conj |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 29 hurled | punct |
| 21 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 hurled | cc |
| 22 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 29 hurled | nsubj:pass |
| 23 | from | from | ADP | _ | 24 each | case |
| 24 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 22 each | nmod |
| 25 | abroad | abroad | ADV | _ | 29 hurled | advmod |
| 26 | those | that | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 27 swans | det |
| 27 | swans | swan | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 hurled | nsubj |
| 28 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 hurled | aux:pass |
| 29 | hurled | hurl | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 spake | conj |
| 30 | By | by | ADP | _ | 34 scud | case |
| 31 | solid | solid | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 34 scud | amod |
| 32 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 scud | compound |
| 33 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 32 water | punct |
| 34 | scud | scud | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 hurled | obl |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 spake | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | speak speech: other | present | ’ = ' | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | shake | past | sudden thunder | the world | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent world=Patient | ||||
| 3 | wrap | past | blackness | the seas | vn spray-9.7-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent sea=Theme | ||||
| 4 | rent | present | lightnings | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | hurl | past · passive | solid water scud | each from each | that swans nsubj; abroad property | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «The foray of Queen Meave, and other legends of Ireland's heroic age» by Aubrey De Vere, Project Gutenberg book 78491 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78491/9/63/