Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 10, sentence 6
And so it was with these Indians; For the first became a leech, The second a spotted frog, The third a crab which is washed Up and down with the tide, And the fourth a fish which swims A-drinking ever more.
Who acts: water, Indians, second, third, fish · What happens: be, become, spot, frog, crab, wash up · To what, where: leech, crab, drinking
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 10. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (water, Indians, second, third), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 became | cc |
| 2 | so | so | ADV | _ | 12 became | advmod |
| 3 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 Indians | nsubj |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 Indians | cop |
| 5 | with | with | ADP | _ | 7 Indians | case |
| 6 | these | this | DET | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 7 Indians | det |
| 7 | Indians | Indian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 12 became | nsubj |
| 8 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 11 first | punct |
| 9 | For | for | ADP | _ | 11 first | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 first | det |
| 11 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 7 Indians | conj |
| 12 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 leech | det |
| 14 | leech | leech | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 became | xcomp |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 frog | punct |
| 16 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 17 second | det |
| 17 | second | second | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 20 frog | nsubj |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 frog | det |
| 19 | spotted | spot | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 frog | amod |
| 20 | frog | frog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 leech | conj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 crab | punct |
| 22 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 third | det |
| 23 | third | third | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 25 crab | nsubj |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 crab | det |
| 25 | crab | crab | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 leech | appos |
| 26 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 28 washed | nsubj:pass |
| 27 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 28 washed | aux:pass |
| 28 | washed | wash | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 25 crab | acl:relcl |
| 29 | Up | up | ADP | _ | 28 washed | compound:prt |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 down | cc |
| 31 | down | down | ADV | _ | 28 washed | conj |
| 32 | with | with | ADP | _ | 34 tide | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 tide | det |
| 34 | tide | tide | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 washed | obl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 fourth | punct |
| 36 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 38 fourth | cc |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 fourth | det |
| 38 | fourth | fourth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 became | xcomp |
| 39 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 40 fish | det |
| 40 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 38 fourth | appos |
| 41 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 42 swims | nsubj |
| 42 | swims | swim | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 40 fish | acl:relcl |
| 43 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 45 drinking | det |
| 44 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 43 A | punct |
| 45 | drinking | drinking | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 swims | obj |
| 46 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 47 more | advmod |
| 47 | more | more | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 42 swims | advmod |
| 48 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 became | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | water | with this Indians | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | be | water not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | become | past | this Indians | a leech and a spotted frog | the fourth xcomp | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | |||
| 4 | spot | participle | vn weather-57 «It V PP.theme» | ||||||
| 5 | frog | the second | tree rules | ||||||
| 6 | crab | the third | tree rules | ||||||
| 7 | wash up | present · passive | a crab | with the tide | vn floss-41.2.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with tide=Instrument | ||||
| 8 | swim | present | a fish | a drinking | ever | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme drinking=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/10/6/