Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 11, sentence 114

Deep lay the snow on the earth; Therefore they both wore snow-shoes; But, when they came to the shore, Kulóskap leaped from the mainland Over the sea between To the island of Grand Manan; And so he escaped from the sorceress; For the shoes which the Master wore Were round and out of the common; While those of the witch were long, Long it is said and pointed, And the marks of the two are still To be seen deep pressed in the rocks By the shore to this very day.

Who acts: you, lightnings, Kulóskap, wind, Master, those · What happens: lay, wear, come, leap, escape, be · To what, where: snow, earth, snow shoes, shore, mainland, sorceress · Speech: someone speaks here

This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, lightnings, Kulóskap, wind), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)

#	word	lemma	UPOS	features	head	relation
1	Deep	deep	ADV	_	2 lay	advmod
2	lay	lay	VERB	Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin	root	root
3	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	4 snow	det
4	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 lay	obj
5	on	on	ADP	_	7 earth	case
6	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	7 earth	det
7	earth	earth	NOUN	Number=Sing	2 lay	obl
8	;	;	PUNCT	_	12 wore	punct
9	Therefore	therefore	ADV	_	12 wore	advmod
10	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	12 wore	nsubj
11	both	both	DET	PronType=Tot	12 wore	nsubj
12	wore	wear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 lay	advcl
13	snow	snow	NOUN	Number=Sing	15 shoes	compound
14	-	-	PUNCT	_	13 snow	punct
15	shoes	shoe	NOUN	Number=Plur	12 wore	obj
16	;	;	PUNCT	_	21 came	punct
17	But	but	CCONJ	_	21 came	cc
18	,	,	PUNCT	_	21 came	punct
19	when	when	ADV	PronType=Int	21 came	advmod
20	they	they	PRON	Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs	21 came	nsubj
21	came	come	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 lay	parataxis
22	to	to	ADP	_	24 shore	case
23	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	24 shore	det
24	shore	shore	NOUN	Number=Sing	21 came	obl
25	,	,	PUNCT	_	27 leaped	punct
26	Kulóskap	Kulóskap	PROPN	Number=Sing	27 leaped	nsubj
27	leaped	leap	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	21 came	conj
28	from	from	ADP	_	30 mainland	case
29	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	30 mainland	det
30	mainland	mainland	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 leaped	obl
31	Over	over	ADP	_	33 sea	case
32	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	33 sea	det
33	sea	sea	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 leaped	obl
34	between	between	ADP	_	37 island	case
35	To	to	ADP	_	37 island	case
36	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	37 island	det
37	island	island	NOUN	Number=Sing	27 leaped	obl
38	of	of	ADP	_	40 Manan	case
39	Grand	Grand	ADJ	Degree=Pos	40 Manan	amod
40	Manan	Manan	PROPN	Number=Sing	37 island	nmod
41	;	;	PUNCT	_	2 lay	punct
42	And	and	CCONJ	_	45 escaped	cc
43	so	so	ADV	_	45 escaped	advmod
44	he	he	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	45 escaped	nsubj
45	escaped	escape	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	2 lay	conj
46	from	from	ADP	_	48 sorceress	case
47	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	48 sorceress	det
48	sorceress	sorceress	NOUN	Number=Sing	45 escaped	obl
49	;	;	PUNCT	_	52 shoes	punct
50	For	for	ADP	_	52 shoes	case
51	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	52 shoes	det
52	shoes	shoe	NOUN	Number=Plur	2 lay	obl
53	which	which	PRON	PronType=Rel	56 wore	obj
54	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	55 Master	det
55	Master	Master	PROPN	Number=Sing	56 wore	nsubj
56	wore	wear	VERB	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	52 shoes	acl:relcl
57	Were	were	ADV	_	58 round	advmod
58	round	round	ADV	_	56 wore	advmod
59	and	and	CCONJ	_	63 common	cc
60	out	out	ADP	_	63 common	case
61	of	of	ADP	_	63 common	case
62	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	63 common	det
63	common	common	ADJ	Degree=Pos	58 round	conj
64	;	;	PUNCT	_	71 long	punct
65	While	while	SCONJ	_	71 long	mark
66	those	that	PRON	Number=Plur PronType=Dem	71 long	nsubj
67	of	of	ADP	_	69 witch	case
68	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	69 witch	det
69	witch	witch	NOUN	Number=Sing	66 those	nmod
70	were	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin	71 long	cop
71	long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	2 lay	parataxis
72	,	,	PUNCT	_	73 Long	punct
73	Long	long	ADJ	Degree=Pos	71 long	parataxis
74	it	it	PRON	Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs	76 said	nsubj
75	is	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	76 said	aux:pass
76	said	say	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	73 Long	conj
77	and	and	CCONJ	_	78 pointed	cc
78	pointed	point	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	76 said	conj
79	,	,	PUNCT	_	90 seen	punct
80	And	and	CCONJ	_	90 seen	cc
81	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	82 marks	det
82	marks	mark	NOUN	Number=Plur	90 seen	nsubj:pass
83	of	of	ADP	_	85 two	case
84	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	85 two	det
85	two	two	NUM	NumForm=Word NumType=Card	82 marks	nmod
86	are	be	AUX	Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin	90 seen	aux
87	still	still	ADV	_	90 seen	advmod
88	To	to	PART	_	90 seen	mark
89	be	be	AUX	VerbForm=Inf	90 seen	aux:pass
90	seen	see	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	2 lay	advcl
91	deep	deep	ADV	_	92 pressed	advmod
92	pressed	press	VERB	Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass	90 seen	conj
93	in	in	ADP	_	95 rocks	case
94	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	95 rocks	det
95	rocks	rock	NOUN	Number=Plur	92 pressed	obl
96	By	by	ADP	_	98 shore	case
97	the	the	DET	Definite=Def PronType=Art	98 shore	det
98	shore	shore	NOUN	Number=Sing	92 pressed	obl
99	to	to	ADP	_	102 day	case
100	this	this	DET	Number=Sing PronType=Dem	102 day	det
101	very	very	ADV	_	102 day	advmod
102	day	day	NOUN	Number=Sing	98 shore	nmod
103	.	.	PUNCT	_	2 lay	punct

Pragmatics

#	verb	tense, mood	who	what, whom	where	when	other	roles by
1	lay	imperative	you not said here	the snow	the earth		for the shoes; deep property	vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent snow=Result for shoe=Beneficiary
2	wear	past	lightnings = lightning	snow shoes			therefore property	vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent shoe=Theme
3	come	past	lightnings = lightning		the shore			vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to shore=Initial_Location
4	leap	past	Kulóskap		the mainland		over the sea; between the island of Grand Manan	vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from mainland=Trajectory
5	escape	past	wind		the sorceress			vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme from sorceress=Initial_Location
6	wear	past	the Master	the shoes			round property	vn wipe_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent which=Source
7	is	past	those of the witch				long property	tree rules
8	say speech: assert	present · passive		snow				vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: subject=Topic
9	point	participle						vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent
10	see	present · passive		the marks of the two		still		vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Stimulus
11	press	participle			the rocks		by the shore to this day; deep property	vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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🌲 Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 11, sentence 114

The tree

Pragmatics

Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 11, sentence 114