Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 11, sentence 27
In despair She plunged into the deep and there became The _wĕbĕtumekw_, a ferocious shark Which has upon its back a mighty fin Like a great sail when swimming in the sea.
Who acts: shape, ferocious shark · What happens: plunge, become, have, swim · To what, where: wĕbĕtumekw, mighty fin, sea
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (shape, ferocious shark), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 2 despair | case |
| 2 | despair | despair | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 plunged | obl |
| 3 | She | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 plunged | nsubj |
| 4 | plunged | plunge | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | into | into | ADP | _ | 7 deep | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 deep | det |
| 7 | deep | deep | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 plunged | obl |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 became | cc |
| 9 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 10 became | advmod |
| 10 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 plunged | conj |
| 11 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 wĕbĕtumekw | det |
| 12 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 13 wĕbĕtumekw | punct |
| 13 | wĕbĕtumekw | wĕbĕtumekw | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 became | xcomp |
| 14 | _ | _ | PUNCT | _ | 13 wĕbĕtumekw | punct |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 shark | punct |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 18 shark | det |
| 17 | ferocious | ferocious | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 shark | amod |
| 18 | shark | shark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 wĕbĕtumekw | conj |
| 19 | Which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 20 has | nsubj |
| 20 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 18 shark | acl:relcl |
| 21 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 23 back | case |
| 22 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 back | nmod:poss |
| 23 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 has | obl |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 fin | det |
| 25 | mighty | mighty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 fin | amod |
| 26 | fin | fin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 has | obj |
| 27 | Like | like | ADP | _ | 30 sail | case |
| 28 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 30 sail | det |
| 29 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 sail | amod |
| 30 | sail | sail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 fin | nmod |
| 31 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 32 swimming | mark |
| 32 | swimming | swim | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 30 sail | acl |
| 33 | in | in | ADP | _ | 35 sea | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 sea | det |
| 35 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 swimming | obl |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 plunged | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | plunge | past | shape | into the deep; in despair | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in despair=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | become | past | shape not said here | the wĕbĕtumekw and a ferocious shark | there | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | |||
| 3 | have | present | a ferocious shark | a mighty fin | upon shark's back; like a great sail | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fin=Patient | |||
| 4 | swim | gerund | the sea | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in sea=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/11/27/