Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 11, sentence 53
When he had eaten, they brought A mighty bone; the jaw Of a whale, and the elder brother With great ado, and using Both arms and all his strength, Bent it a little, and proudly He held it to the Master Who with the thumb and finger Of his right hand alone, Snapped it like a green twig, And crumbled it to powder.
Who acts: Master, brothers · What happens: eat, bring, use, hold, snap, crumble · To what, where: mighty bone, arms, bone
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 11. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Master, brothers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | SCONJ | _ | 4 eaten | mark |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 eaten | nsubj |
| 3 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 eaten | aux |
| 4 | eaten | eat | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 brought | punct |
| 6 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 7 brought | nsubj |
| 7 | brought | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 eaten | conj |
| 8 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 bone | det |
| 9 | mighty | mighty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 bone | amod |
| 10 | bone | bone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 brought | obj |
| 11 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 13 jaw | punct |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 jaw | det |
| 13 | jaw | jaw | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 eaten | conj |
| 14 | Of | of | ADP | _ | 16 whale | case |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 16 whale | det |
| 16 | whale | whale | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 jaw | nmod |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 brother | punct |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 brother | cc |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 brother | det |
| 20 | elder | elder | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 brother | amod |
| 21 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 eaten | conj |
| 22 | With | with | ADP | _ | 24 ado | case |
| 23 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 ado | amod |
| 24 | ado | ado | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 brother | nmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 using | punct |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 using | cc |
| 27 | using | use | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 4 eaten | advcl |
| 28 | Both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 29 arms | det |
| 29 | arms | arm | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 using | obj |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 strength | cc |
| 31 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 33 strength | det:predet |
| 32 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 strength | nmod:poss |
| 33 | strength | strength | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 arms | conj |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 using | punct |
| 35 | Bent | Bent | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 using | obj |
| 36 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 Bent | appos |
| 37 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 38 little | det |
| 38 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 Bent | obl:unmarked |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 held | punct |
| 40 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 held | cc |
| 41 | proudly | proudly | ADV | _ | 43 held | advmod |
| 42 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 43 held | nsubj |
| 43 | held | hold | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 Bent | acl:relcl |
| 44 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 43 held | obj |
| 45 | to | to | ADP | _ | 47 Master | case |
| 46 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 47 Master | det |
| 47 | Master | Master | PROPN | Number=Sing | 43 held | obl |
| 48 | Who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 60 Snapped | nsubj |
| 49 | with | with | ADP | _ | 51 thumb | case |
| 50 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 51 thumb | det |
| 51 | thumb | thumb | NOUN | Number=Sing | 60 Snapped | obl |
| 52 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 53 finger | cc |
| 53 | finger | finger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 thumb | conj |
| 54 | Of | of | ADP | _ | 57 hand | case |
| 55 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 57 hand | nmod:poss |
| 56 | right | right | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 57 hand | amod |
| 57 | hand | hand | NOUN | Number=Sing | 53 finger | nmod |
| 58 | alone | alone | ADV | _ | 57 hand | advmod |
| 59 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 51 thumb | punct |
| 60 | Snapped | snap | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 47 Master | acl:relcl |
| 61 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 60 Snapped | obj |
| 62 | like | like | ADP | _ | 65 twig | case |
| 63 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 65 twig | det |
| 64 | green | green | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 65 twig | amod |
| 65 | twig | twig | NOUN | Number=Sing | 60 Snapped | obl |
| 66 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 68 crumbled | punct |
| 67 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 68 crumbled | cc |
| 68 | crumbled | crumble | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 43 held | conj |
| 69 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 68 crumbled | obj |
| 70 | to | to | PART | _ | 71 powder | mark |
| 71 | powder | powder | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 68 crumbled | xcomp |
| 72 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 eaten | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | eat | past · perfect | Master | the jaw of a whale conj; the elder brother with great ado conj | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | bring | past | brothers = brother | a mighty bone | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent bone=Theme | ||||
| 3 | use | gerund | Master not said here | both arms and Master's strength | Bent obj | tree rules | |||
| 4 | hold | past | Master | bone | to the Master; proudly property | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | |||
| 5 | snap | past | the Master | bone | with the thumb and finger of Master's right hand; like a green twig | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent it=Patient with thumb=Instrument | |||
| 6 | crumble | past | Master not said here | bone | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | powder | to-infinitive | Master not said here | vn braid-41.2.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/11/53/