Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 12, sentence 68
There all was silent and sad, The ashes were cold on the hearths, In the deserted homes, In the lonely, silent wigwams; So he followed the tracks of the Indians, And in a day came near them.
Who acts: all, ashes, Brother · What happens: be, desert, follow, come · To what, where: hearths, tracks
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (all, ashes, Brother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | There | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 2 all | expl |
| 2 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 4 silent | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 silent | cop |
| 4 | silent | silent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 sad | cc |
| 6 | sad | sad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 silent | conj |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 cold | punct |
| 8 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 ashes | det |
| 9 | ashes | ash | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 cold | nsubj |
| 10 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 11 cold | cop |
| 11 | cold | cold | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 silent | conj |
| 12 | on | on | ADP | _ | 14 hearths | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 hearths | det |
| 14 | hearths | hearth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 cold | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 homes | punct |
| 16 | In | in | ADP | _ | 19 homes | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 homes | det |
| 18 | deserted | desert | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 homes | amod |
| 19 | homes | home | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 hearths | conj |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 wigwams | punct |
| 21 | In | in | ADP | _ | 26 wigwams | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 wigwams | det |
| 23 | lonely | lonely | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 wigwams | amod |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 lonely | punct |
| 25 | silent | silent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 26 wigwams | amod |
| 26 | wigwams | wigwam | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 hearths | conj |
| 27 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 30 followed | punct |
| 28 | So | so | ADV | _ | 30 followed | advmod |
| 29 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 30 followed | nsubj |
| 30 | followed | follow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 silent | parataxis |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 tracks | det |
| 32 | tracks | track | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 followed | obj |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 Indians | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 Indians | det |
| 35 | Indians | Indian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 32 tracks | nmod |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 41 came | punct |
| 37 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 came | cc |
| 38 | in | in | ADP | _ | 40 day | case |
| 39 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 40 day | det |
| 40 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 came | obl |
| 41 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 followed | conj |
| 42 | near | near | ADP | _ | 43 them | case |
| 43 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 41 came | obl |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 silent | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | all There | silent property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | be | all There not said here | tree rules | ||||||
| 3 | is | past | the ashes | the hearths and the deserted homes and the lonely silent wigwams | cold property | tree rules | |||
| 4 | desert | participle | vn leave-51.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 5 | follow | past | Brother | the tracks of the Indians | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent track=Theme | ||||
| 6 | come | past | Brother not said here | day | near ashes = ash | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme near they=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/12/68/