Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 12, sentence 86
Then feeling that his power Of magic was returning, He used his mighty will, And the will awoke to might, And before his breath the sorceress Was driven backward lightly, Like a leaf before the wind Till her back was against a tree; Then he said to her, “Remain Ever attached to the bark,” And so indeed she remained, Though not as the Master meant.
Who acts: sorceress, power, mighty, Master · What happens: feel, return, use, awoke, drive, be · To what, where: sorceress, breath, mighty · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sorceress, power, mighty, Master), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 2 feeling | advmod |
| 2 | feeling | feel | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 used | advcl |
| 3 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 9 returning | mark |
| 4 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 5 power | nmod:poss |
| 5 | power | power | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 returning | nsubj |
| 6 | Of | of | ADP | _ | 7 magic | case |
| 7 | magic | magic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 power | nmod |
| 8 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 returning | aux |
| 9 | returning | return | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 feeling | advcl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 feeling | punct |
| 11 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 used | nsubj |
| 12 | used | use | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 mighty | nmod:poss |
| 14 | mighty | mighty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 will | nsubj |
| 15 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 12 used | advcl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 awoke | punct |
| 17 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 awoke | cc |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 awoke | det |
| 19 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 20 awoke | aux |
| 20 | awoke | awoke | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 12 used | parataxis |
| 21 | to | to | ADP | _ | 22 might | case |
| 22 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 20 awoke | conj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 driven | punct |
| 24 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 driven | cc |
| 25 | before | before | ADP | _ | 27 breath | case |
| 26 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 breath | nmod:poss |
| 27 | breath | breath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 driven | obl |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 sorceress | det |
| 29 | sorceress | sorceress | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 driven | nsubj:pass |
| 30 | Was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 driven | aux:pass |
| 31 | driven | drive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 awoke | parataxis |
| 32 | backward | backward | ADV | _ | 33 lightly | advmod |
| 33 | lightly | lightly | ADV | _ | 31 driven | advmod |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 leaf | punct |
| 35 | Like | like | ADP | _ | 37 leaf | case |
| 36 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 leaf | det |
| 37 | leaf | leaf | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 driven | obl |
| 38 | before | before | ADP | _ | 40 wind | case |
| 39 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 40 wind | det |
| 40 | wind | wind | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 tree | obl |
| 41 | Till | till | ADP | _ | 43 back | case |
| 42 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 43 back | nmod:poss |
| 43 | back | back | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 wind | nmod |
| 44 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 47 tree | cop |
| 45 | against | against | ADP | _ | 47 tree | case |
| 46 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 47 tree | det |
| 47 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 driven | parataxis |
| 48 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 51 said | punct |
| 49 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 51 said | advmod |
| 50 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 51 said | nsubj |
| 51 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 used | parataxis |
| 52 | to | to | ADP | _ | 53 her | case |
| 53 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 51 said | obl |
| 54 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 56 Remain | punct |
| 55 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 56 Remain | punct |
| 56 | Remain | remain | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 51 said | ccomp |
| 57 | Ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 58 attached | advmod |
| 58 | attached | attach | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 56 Remain | xcomp |
| 59 | to | to | ADP | _ | 61 bark | case |
| 60 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 61 bark | det |
| 61 | bark | bark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 58 attached | obl |
| 62 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 58 attached | punct |
| 63 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 56 Remain | punct |
| 64 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 68 remained | cc |
| 65 | so | so | ADV | _ | 66 indeed | advmod |
| 66 | indeed | indeed | ADV | _ | 68 remained | advmod |
| 67 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 68 remained | nsubj |
| 68 | remained | remain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 51 said | conj |
| 69 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 75 meant | punct |
| 70 | Though | though | SCONJ | _ | 75 meant | mark |
| 71 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 75 meant | advmod |
| 72 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 75 meant | mark |
| 73 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 74 Master | det |
| 74 | Master | Master | PROPN | Number=Sing | 75 meant | nsubj |
| 75 | meant | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 68 remained | advcl |
| 76 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 12 used | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | feel | gerund | sorceress not said here | then | vn stimulus_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus | ||||
| 2 | return | past · progressive | sorceress's power of magic | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | use | past | sorceress | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 4 | awoke | future | tree rules | ||||||
| 5 | drive | past · passive | the sorceress | sorceress's breath | like a leaf; lightly property | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: subject=Theme before breath=Destination | |||
| 6 | is | past | before the wind till mighty's back | against a tree | tree rules | ||||
| 7 | say speech: assert | past | sorceress | mighty | then | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to she=Recipient clause=Topic | |||
| 8 | remain in a quote | infinitive | tree rules | ||||||
| 9 | attach in a quote | participle | ever | to the bark | vn shake-22.3-2-1 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent to bark=Co-Patient | ||||
| 10 | remain | past | mighty | indeed property | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 11 | not mean | past | the Master | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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