Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 12, sentence 98
She answered laughing: “The dark were born in the darkness, But thou, my son, by day.”
Who acts: journey · What happens: answer, laugh, bear · To what, where: dark, darkness · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 12. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (journey), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | She | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 answered | nsubj |
| 2 | answered | answer | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | laughing | laugh | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 answered | xcomp |
| 4 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 9 born | punct |
| 5 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 9 born | punct |
| 6 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 dark | det |
| 7 | dark | dark | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 born | nsubj:pass |
| 8 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 9 born | aux:pass |
| 9 | born | bear | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 answered | parataxis |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 12 darkness | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 darkness | det |
| 12 | darkness | darkness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 born | obl |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 thou | punct |
| 14 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 15 thou | cc |
| 15 | thou | thou | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=2 PronType=Prs Style=Arch | 9 born | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 son | punct |
| 17 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 18 son | nmod:poss |
| 18 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 thou | vocative |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 day | punct |
| 20 | by | by | ADP | _ | 21 day | case |
| 21 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 born | obl:unmarked |
| 22 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 9 born | punct |
| 23 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 2 answered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | answer speech: assert | past | journey | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | laugh | gerund | journey not said here | vn nonverbal_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | bear in a quote | past · passive | the dark | the darkness | day | thou my son obl | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/12/98/