Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 13, sentence 45
Ere long the hut grew warm And then down Winter’s cheeks, His cheeks of hard gray stone, The melting ice-drops ran, Till he and all his home Fell down, and in a flood As water rushed away Adown between the rocks Into the roaring sea!
Who acts: hut, melting ice drops, Master · What happens: grow, run, fall down, rush, roar · To what, where: warm cheeks, Adown, flood
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 13. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hut, melting ice drops, Master), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ere | ere | ADV | _ | 2 long | advmod |
| 2 | long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 5 grew | advmod |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 hut | det |
| 4 | hut | hut | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 grew | nsubj |
| 5 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | warm | warm | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 cheeks | amod |
| 7 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 cheeks | cc |
| 8 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 12 cheeks | advmod |
| 9 | down | down | ADP | _ | 12 cheeks | case |
| 10 | Winter | Winter | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 cheeks | nmod:poss |
| 11 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 10 Winter | case |
| 12 | cheeks | cheek | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 grew | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 cheeks | punct |
| 14 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 cheeks | nmod:poss |
| 15 | cheeks | cheek | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 cheeks | conj |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 stone | case |
| 17 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 stone | amod |
| 18 | gray | gray | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 stone | compound |
| 19 | stone | stone | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 cheeks | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 ran | punct |
| 21 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 drops | det |
| 22 | melting | melting | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 drops | compound |
| 23 | ice | ice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 drops | compound |
| 24 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 23 ice | punct |
| 25 | drops | drop | NOUN | Number=Plur | 26 ran | nsubj |
| 26 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 grew | conj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 Fell | punct |
| 28 | Till | till | SCONJ | _ | 34 Fell | mark |
| 29 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 Fell | nsubj |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 home | cc |
| 31 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 33 home | det:predet |
| 32 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 33 home | nmod:poss |
| 33 | home | home | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 he | conj |
| 34 | Fell | fall | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 ran | conj |
| 35 | down | down | ADV | _ | 34 Fell | advmod |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 rushed | punct |
| 37 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 43 rushed | cc |
| 38 | in | in | ADP | _ | 40 flood | case |
| 39 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 40 flood | det |
| 40 | flood | flood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 rushed | obl |
| 41 | As | as | ADP | _ | 42 water | case |
| 42 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 flood | nmod |
| 43 | rushed | rush | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 grew | conj |
| 44 | away | away | ADV | _ | 45 Adown | advmod |
| 45 | Adown | Adown | PROPN | Number=Sing | 43 rushed | obl |
| 46 | between | between | ADP | _ | 48 rocks | case |
| 47 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 48 rocks | det |
| 48 | rocks | rock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 43 rushed | obl |
| 49 | Into | into | ADP | _ | 52 sea | case |
| 50 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 52 sea | det |
| 51 | roaring | roar | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 52 sea | amod |
| 52 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 43 rushed | obl |
| 53 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 5 grew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | grow | past | the hut | Winter's warm cheeks and Master's cheeks of hard gray stone | long property | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location cheek=Theme | |||
| 2 | run | past | the melting ice drops | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | fall down | past | Master | down property | vn occur-48.3 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | rush | participle | the hut not said here | Adown | a flood as water | between the rocks; into the roaring sea result | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme into sea=Result | ||
| 5 | roar | gerund | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/13/45/