Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 14, sentence 78
[49] Long ago the Indians believed there were wizards.
Who acts: Indians, wizards · What happens: believe, be · To what, where: 49 · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 14. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Indians, wizards), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 2 49 | punct |
| 2 | 49 | 49 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 8 believed | obl |
| 3 | ] | ] | PUNCT | _ | 2 49 | punct |
| 4 | Long | long | ADV | Degree=Pos | 5 ago | advmod |
| 5 | ago | ago | ADV | _ | 8 believed | advmod |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 Indians | det |
| 7 | Indians | Indian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 8 believed | nsubj |
| 8 | believed | believe | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 10 were | expl |
| 10 | were | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 believed | ccomp |
| 11 | wizards | wizard | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 were | nsubj |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 believed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | believe | past | the Indians | 49 | ago property | vn admire-31.2 «NP V that S»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | be | past | wizards | there | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/14/78/