Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 15, sentence 126
And, what was worst of all, She was an awful witch, Seven witches in one, Like seven devils united But this she hid from all; Only the Wʾnagʾmeswuk, The singular silent spirits, Who are ever flitting around us, Knew of this terrible secret.
Who acts: worst awful witch, perchance, this, singular silent spirits · What happens: be, hide, flit · To what, where: worst awful witch, all
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 15. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (worst awful witch, perchance, this, singular silent spirits), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 worst | cc |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 worst | punct |
| 3 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 5 worst | nsubj |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 5 worst | cop |
| 5 | worst | bad | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 13 witch | amod |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 all | case |
| 7 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 5 worst | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 witch | punct |
| 9 | She | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 witch | nsubj |
| 10 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 witch | cop |
| 11 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 13 witch | det |
| 12 | awful | awful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 witch | amod |
| 13 | witch | witch | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 witches | punct |
| 15 | Seven | seven | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 16 witches | nummod |
| 16 | witches | witch | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 witch | conj |
| 17 | in | in | ADP | _ | 18 one | case |
| 18 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 16 witches | nmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 one | punct |
| 20 | Like | like | ADP | _ | 22 devils | case |
| 21 | seven | seven | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 22 devils | nummod |
| 22 | devils | devil | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 one | nmod |
| 23 | united | united | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 devils | amod |
| 24 | But | but | CCONJ | _ | 27 hid | cc |
| 25 | this | this | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 27 hid | nsubj |
| 26 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 27 hid | nsubj |
| 27 | hid | hide | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 one | conj |
| 28 | from | from | ADP | _ | 29 all | case |
| 29 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 27 hid | obl |
| 30 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 33 Wʾnagʾmeswuk | punct |
| 31 | Only | only | ADV | _ | 33 Wʾnagʾmeswuk | advmod |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 Wʾnagʾmeswuk | det |
| 33 | Wʾnagʾmeswuk | Wʾnagʾmeswuk | PROPN | Number=Sing | 13 witch | appos |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 38 spirits | punct |
| 35 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 spirits | det |
| 36 | singular | singular | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 spirits | amod |
| 37 | silent | silent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 spirits | amod |
| 38 | spirits | spirit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 Wʾnagʾmeswuk | nmod |
| 39 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 flitting | punct |
| 40 | Who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 43 flitting | nsubj |
| 41 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 43 flitting | aux |
| 42 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 43 flitting | advmod |
| 43 | flitting | flit | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 38 spirits | acl |
| 44 | around | around | ADP | _ | 45 us | case |
| 45 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 43 flitting | obl |
| 46 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 47 Knew | punct |
| 47 | Knew | Knew | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 Wʾnagʾmeswuk | conj |
| 48 | of | of | ADP | _ | 51 secret | case |
| 49 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 51 secret | det |
| 50 | terrible | terrible | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 51 secret | amod |
| 51 | secret | secret | NOUN | Number=Sing | 47 Knew | nmod |
| 52 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 witch | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | a worst awful witch and Seven witches in one like seven devils | of all; bad property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | is a | past | perchance | a worst awful witch and Seven witches in one like seven devils | Seven witches in one like seven devils conj; the Wʾnagʾmeswuk the singular silent spirits and Knew of this terrible secret appos | tree rules | |||
| 3 | hide | past | this | all | perchance nsubj | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent from all=Beneficiary | |||
| 4 | flit | present · progressive | the singular silent spirits | ever | around us | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme around we=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/15/126/