Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 16, sentence 78
Red squirrels, gray squirrels, Striped squirrels, flying ones, Came running together, Then they cried out: “Lappilatwan Must leave his tree, And if it may be, Be put to death!”
Who acts: Red squirrels, birds, Lappilatwan · What happens: fly, come, run, cry out, leave, put · To what, where: tree · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 16. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Red squirrels, birds, Lappilatwan), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 squirrels | amod |
| 2 | squirrels | squirrel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 Came | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 squirrels | punct |
| 4 | gray | gray | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 squirrels | amod |
| 5 | squirrels | squirrel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 squirrels | conj |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 squirrels | punct |
| 7 | Striped | striped | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 squirrels | amod |
| 8 | squirrels | squirrel | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 squirrels | conj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 ones | punct |
| 10 | flying | fly | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 11 ones | amod |
| 11 | ones | one | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 squirrels | conj |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 squirrels | punct |
| 13 | Came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 14 | running | run | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 13 Came | advcl |
| 15 | together | together | ADV | _ | 14 running | advmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 cried | punct |
| 17 | Then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 19 cried | advmod |
| 18 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 cried | nsubj |
| 19 | cried | cry | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 Came | parataxis |
| 20 | out | out | ADP | _ | 19 cried | compound:prt |
| 21 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 25 leave | punct |
| 22 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 25 leave | punct |
| 23 | Lappilatwan | Lappilatwan | PROPN | Number=Sing | 25 leave | nsubj |
| 24 | Must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 25 leave | aux |
| 25 | leave | leave | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 cried | conj |
| 26 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 tree | nmod:poss |
| 27 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 leave | obj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 put | punct |
| 29 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 36 put | cc |
| 30 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 33 be | mark |
| 31 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 be | nsubj |
| 32 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 33 be | aux |
| 33 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 36 put | aux:pass |
| 34 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 36 put | punct |
| 35 | Be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 36 put | aux:pass |
| 36 | put | put | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 13 Came | parataxis |
| 37 | to | to | ADP | _ | 38 death | case |
| 38 | death | death | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 put | obl |
| 39 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 36 put | punct |
| 40 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 Came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fly | gerund | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | come | past | Red squirrels and gray squirrels and Striped squirrels and flying ones | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | run | gerund | Red squirrels and gray squirrels and Striped squirrels and flying ones not said here | together property | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | cry out speech: express | past | birds = bird | then | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | leave in a quote | must | Lappilatwan | squirrel's tree | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Theme | ||||
| 6 | put in a quote | infinitive · passive | to death | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP» |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/16/78/