Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 17, sentence 74
That night there came a dream to Kʾmûsomsʾn And he learned that the Leaf had been taken prisoner, By Aplasemwesit and kept as captive.
Who acts: night, chief, Aplasemwesit · What happens: come, learn, take, keep · To what, where: dream, Leaf · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 17. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (night, chief, Aplasemwesit), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | That | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 2 night | det |
| 2 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 came | nsubj |
| 3 | there | there | ADV | PronType=Dem | 2 night | advmod |
| 4 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 6 dream | det |
| 6 | dream | dream | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 came | obj |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 8 Kʾmûsomsʾn | case |
| 8 | Kʾmûsomsʾn | Kʾmûsomsʾn | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 dream | nmod |
| 9 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 learned | cc |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 learned | nsubj |
| 11 | learned | learn | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 came | conj |
| 12 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 17 taken | mark |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 Leaf | det |
| 14 | Leaf | Leaf | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 taken | nsubj:pass |
| 15 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 taken | aux |
| 16 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 17 taken | aux:pass |
| 17 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 learned | ccomp |
| 18 | prisoner | prisoner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 taken | xcomp |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 Aplasemwesit | punct |
| 20 | By | by | ADP | _ | 21 Aplasemwesit | case |
| 21 | Aplasemwesit | Aplasemwesit | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 taken | obl |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 kept | cc |
| 23 | kept | keep | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 taken | conj |
| 24 | as | as | ADP | _ | 25 captive | case |
| 25 | captive | captive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 kept | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come | past | that night | a dream | to Kʾmûsomsʾn | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location dream=Theme | |||
| 2 | learn | past | chief | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | take | past · perfect · passive | Aplasemwesit | the Leaf | prisoner xcomp | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP ADVP»: agent=Instrument subject=Destination | |||
| 4 | keep | participle | Aplasemwesit not said here | as captive | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/17/74/