Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 17, sentence 90
As the old Monimques heard her singing: His heart at the words grew weak with fear: “Truly it was a bad beginning That ever my grandson shot this singer, And truly, ’twould have a woful ending, If the Mountain should learn she is here!
Who acts: old Monimques, heart, word, grandson, ’, Mountain · What happens: hear, sing, grow, be, shoot, have · To what, where: warrior, bad beginning, That, woful ending · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 17. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old Monimques, heart, word, grandson), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | As | as | SCONJ | _ | 5 heard | mark |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 Monimques | det |
| 3 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 Monimques | amod |
| 4 | Monimques | Monimques | PROPN | Number=Sing | 5 heard | nsubj |
| 5 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 heard | obj |
| 7 | singing | sing | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 heard | advcl |
| 8 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 10 heart | punct |
| 9 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 heart | nmod:poss |
| 10 | heart | heart | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 grew | nsubj |
| 11 | at | at | ADP | _ | 13 words | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 words | det |
| 13 | words | word | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 heart | nmod |
| 14 | grew | grow | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 singing | ccomp |
| 15 | weak | weak | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 14 grew | xcomp |
| 16 | with | with | ADP | _ | 17 fear | case |
| 17 | fear | fear | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 weak | obl |
| 18 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 5 heard | punct |
| 19 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 25 beginning | punct |
| 20 | Truly | truly | ADV | _ | 25 beginning | advmod |
| 21 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 beginning | nsubj |
| 22 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 beginning | cop |
| 23 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 beginning | det |
| 24 | bad | bad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 beginning | amod |
| 25 | beginning | beginning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 heard | parataxis |
| 26 | That | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 30 shot | obl |
| 27 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 29 grandson | advmod |
| 28 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 grandson | nmod:poss |
| 29 | grandson | grandson | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 shot | nsubj |
| 30 | shot | shoot | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 25 beginning | parataxis |
| 31 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 32 singer | det |
| 32 | singer | singer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 shot | obj |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 have | punct |
| 34 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 have | cc |
| 35 | truly | truly | ADV | _ | 39 have | advmod |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 truly | punct |
| 37 | ’ | ' | PRON | Case=Nom Person=2 PronType=Prs | 39 have | nsubj |
| 38 | twould | twould | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 39 have | aux |
| 39 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 30 shot | parataxis |
| 40 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 42 ending | det |
| 41 | woful | woful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 42 ending | amod |
| 42 | ending | ending | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 have | obj |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 learn | punct |
| 44 | If | if | SCONJ | _ | 48 learn | mark |
| 45 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 46 Mountain | det |
| 46 | Mountain | Mountain | PROPN | Number=Sing | 48 learn | nsubj |
| 47 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 48 learn | aux |
| 48 | learn | learn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 39 have | conj |
| 49 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 51 here | nsubj |
| 50 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 51 here | cop |
| 51 | here | here | ADV | PronType=Dem | 48 learn | ccomp |
| 52 | ! | ! | PUNCT | _ | 25 beginning | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hear | past | the old Monimques | warrior | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | sing speech: express | gerund | the old Monimques not said here | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | grow | past | Monimques's heart at the words | weak property | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | is a in a quote | past | word | a bad beginning | truly property | tree rules | |||
| 5 | shoot in a quote | past | my grandson | That | this singer obj | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent singer=Theme | |||
| 6 | have in a quote | ’ | a woful ending | truly property | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ending=Patient | ||||
| 7 | learn a condition, not said to happen, in a quote | should | the Mountain | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 8 | is in a quote | present | grandson | here property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/17/90/