Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 18, sentence 130
A man was walking the woods When he heard afar a noise As of footsteps beating the ground.
Who acts: man, footsteps · What happens: walk, hear, beat · To what, where: woods, afar noise, ground
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, footsteps), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 man | det |
| 2 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 walking | nsubj |
| 3 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 walking | aux |
| 4 | walking | walk | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 woods | det |
| 6 | woods | wood | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 walking | obj |
| 7 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 9 heard | advmod |
| 8 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 heard | nsubj |
| 9 | heard | hear | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 walking | advcl |
| 10 | afar | afar | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 noise | amod |
| 11 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 12 noise | det |
| 12 | noise | noise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 heard | obj |
| 13 | As | as | ADP | ExtPos=ADP | 15 footsteps | case |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 As | fixed |
| 15 | footsteps | footstep | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 heard | obl |
| 16 | beating | beat | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 15 footsteps | acl |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 ground | det |
| 18 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 beating | obj |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 walking | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | walk | past · progressive | a man | the woods | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme wood=Trajectory | ||||
| 2 | hear | past | man | a afar noise | as footsteps | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer noise=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | beat | gerund | footsteps not said here | the ground | vn sound_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location ground=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/18/130/