Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems, Opening, part 18, sentence 96
The boy had wondrous gifts; The sages of the tribe Said he was soon to be A mighty sorcerer; For when he did but point His finger at the moose, Or anything which ran, At once it would drop dead, Killed by his magic will; And, when in a canoe He pointed at the ducks, The wild fowl swam no more, And all the water round Was full of floating game Which all might gather in, As freely as they would.
Who acts: boy, sages, finger, wild fowl, water round, floating game · What happens: have, say, be, point, run, drop · To what, where: wondrous gifts, mighty sorcerer, finger, moose, dead, more · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Opening, part 18. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy, sages, finger, wild fowl), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 boy | det |
| 2 | boy | boy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 had | nsubj |
| 3 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | wondrous | wondrous | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 gifts | amod |
| 5 | gifts | gift | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 had | obj |
| 6 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 12 Said | punct |
| 7 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 sages | det |
| 8 | sages | sage | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 Said | nsubj |
| 9 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 tribe | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 tribe | det |
| 11 | tribe | tribe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 sages | nmod |
| 12 | Said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 had | parataxis |
| 13 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 20 sorcerer | nsubj |
| 14 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 sorcerer | cop |
| 15 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 20 sorcerer | advmod |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 20 sorcerer | mark |
| 17 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 20 sorcerer | cop |
| 18 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 sorcerer | det |
| 19 | mighty | mighty | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 sorcerer | amod |
| 20 | sorcerer | sorcerer | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 Said | ccomp |
| 21 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 27 point | punct |
| 22 | For | for | SCONJ | _ | 25 did | mark |
| 23 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 25 did | advmod |
| 24 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 25 did | nsubj |
| 25 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 27 point | aux |
| 26 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 27 point | cc |
| 27 | point | point | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 12 Said | parataxis |
| 28 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 29 finger | nmod:poss |
| 29 | finger | finger | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 point | obj |
| 30 | at | at | ADP | _ | 32 moose | case |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 moose | det |
| 32 | moose | moose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 point | obl |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 35 anything | punct |
| 34 | Or | or | CCONJ | _ | 35 anything | cc |
| 35 | anything | anything | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Ind | 32 moose | conj |
| 36 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 37 ran | nsubj |
| 37 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 35 anything | acl:relcl |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 43 drop | punct |
| 39 | At | at | ADP | _ | 40 once | case |
| 40 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 43 drop | obl |
| 41 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 43 drop | nsubj |
| 42 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 43 drop | aux |
| 43 | drop | drop | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 point | conj |
| 44 | dead | dead | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 43 drop | obj |
| 45 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 46 Killed | punct |
| 46 | Killed | kill | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 43 drop | conj |
| 47 | by | by | ADP | _ | 49 magic | case |
| 48 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 49 magic | nmod:poss |
| 49 | magic | magic | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 will | obl |
| 50 | will | will | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 46 Killed | advcl |
| 51 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 67 swam | punct |
| 52 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 67 swam | cc |
| 53 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 52 And | punct |
| 54 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 59 pointed | advmod |
| 55 | in | in | ADP | _ | 57 canoe | case |
| 56 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 57 canoe | det |
| 57 | canoe | canoe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 59 pointed | obl |
| 58 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 59 pointed | nsubj |
| 59 | pointed | point | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 67 swam | advcl |
| 60 | at | at | ADP | _ | 62 ducks | case |
| 61 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 62 ducks | det |
| 62 | ducks | duck | NOUN | Number=Plur | 59 pointed | obl |
| 63 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 67 swam | punct |
| 64 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 66 fowl | det |
| 65 | wild | wild | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 66 fowl | amod |
| 66 | fowl | fowl | NOUN | Number=Sing | 67 swam | nsubj |
| 67 | swam | swim | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 had | parataxis |
| 68 | no | no | ADV | _ | 69 more | advmod |
| 69 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 67 swam | obj |
| 70 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 77 full | punct |
| 71 | And | and | CCONJ | _ | 77 full | cc |
| 72 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 75 round | det:predet |
| 73 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 75 round | det |
| 74 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 75 round | compound |
| 75 | round | round | NOUN | Number=Sing | 77 full | nsubj |
| 76 | Was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 77 full | cop |
| 77 | full | full | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 67 swam | conj |
| 78 | of | of | ADP | _ | 80 game | case |
| 79 | floating | float | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 80 game | amod |
| 80 | game | game | NOUN | Number=Sing | 77 full | obl |
| 81 | Which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 84 gather | nsubj |
| 82 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 84 gather | nsubj |
| 83 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 84 gather | aux |
| 84 | gather | gather | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 80 game | acl:relcl |
| 85 | in | in | ADV | _ | 84 gather | advmod |
| 86 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 88 freely | punct |
| 87 | As | as | ADV | _ | 88 freely | advmod |
| 88 | freely | freely | ADV | _ | 84 gather | advmod |
| 89 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 91 would | mark |
| 90 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 91 would | nsubj |
| 91 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 88 freely | advcl |
| 92 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | the boy | wondrous gifts | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent gift=Patient | ||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | past | the sages of the tribe | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | is a | past | boy | a mighty sorcerer | soon property | tree rules | |||
| 4 | point | past · do-support | boy's finger | the moose anything | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent finger=Patient | ||||
| 5 | run | past | which nsubj | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 6 | drop | would | finger | dead | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent dead=Theme at once=Destination | ||||
| 7 | kill | participle | finger not said here | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 8 | point | past | boy | at the ducks; in a canoe | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in canoe=Theme | ||||
| 9 | swim | past | the wild fowl | more | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme more=Trajectory | ||||
| 10 | is | past | all water round | of floating game; full property | tree rules | ||||
| 11 | float | gerund | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 12 | gather | might | floating game | freely property | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Kulóskap the master, and other Algonkin poems», Project Gutenberg book 78673 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg78673/18/96/